ch 3 for a different module

Question 1

ankyl/o-

Answer 1

crooked; bent; stiff

Question 2

arthr/o-

Answer 2

joint

Question 3

chondr/i- OR chondr/o-

Answer 3

cartilage

Question 4

cost/o-

Answer 4

rib

Question 5

crani/o-

Answer 5

skull

Question 6

-desis

Answer 6

to bind; tie together

Question 7

kyph/o-

Answer 7

bent; hump

Question 8

lord/o-

Answer 8

curve; swayback; bent

Question 9

-lysis

Answer 9

loosening; setting free

Question 10

myel/o-

Answer 10

spinal cord; bone marrow

Question 11

oss/e- or oss/i- or ost/o- or oste/o-

Answer 11

bone

Question 12

scoli/o-

Answer 12

curved; bent

Question 13

spondyl/o-

Answer 13

vertebrae; vertebral column; backbone

Question 14

synovi/o- or synov/o-

Answer 14

synovial membrane; synovial fluid

Question 15

-um

Answer 15

singular noun ending

Question 16

ossification

Answer 16

(oss-us-fih-KAY-shun)

- skeleton begins as fragile membranes and cartilage and then turns into bone through this process of ossification

Question 17

periosteum

Answer 17

(pehr-ee-OSS-tee-um)

- the tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone

Question 18

compact bone

Answer 18

• also known as cortical bone

- is the dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones

Question 19

spongy bone

Answer 19

• known as cancellous bone
• is lighter and not as strong as compact bone
• commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur
• red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone

Question 20

medullary cavity

Answer 20

(MED-you-lehr-ee)

• is the central cavity located in the shaft of long bones where it is surrounded by compact bone.
• it is here that red and yellow bone marrow are stored
• medullary means pertaining to the inner section

Question 21

endosteum

Answer 21

(en-DOS-tee-um)

- is the tissue that lines the medullary cavity

Question 22

red bone marrow

Answer 22

• which is located within the spongy bone

- is a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes

Question 23

hemopoietic

Answer 23

(hee-moh-poy-ET-ick)

• means pertaining to the formation of blood cells
• also spelled hematopoietic

Question 24

yellow bone marrow

Answer 24

• functions as a fat storage area

- composed chiefly of fat cells and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones

Question 25

cartilage

Answer 25

(KAR-tih-lidj)

• the smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber b/w bones
• is more elastic than bone, also makes up the flexible parts of the skeleton such as the outer ear and the tip of the nose

Question 26

articular cartilage

Answer 26

(ar-TICK-you-lar KAR-tih-lidj)

• covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints
• this cartilage makes smooth joint movement possible and protects the bones from rubbing against each other

Question 27

meniscus

Answer 27

(meh-NIS-kus)

- the curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee and the temporomandibular joint of the jaw

Question 28

diaphysis

Answer 28

(dye-AF-ih-sis)

- is the shaft of a long bone

Question 29

epiphyses

Answer 29

(ep-PIF-ih-seez)

• are the wider ends of long bones such as the femurs of the legs
• each epiphysis is covered with articular cartilage to protect it

Question 30

foramen

Answer 30

(foh-RAY-men)

- is an opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass

Question 31

process

Answer 31

• is a normal projection on the surface of a bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon

Question 32

joints

Answer 32

• which are also known as articulations

- are the place of union b/w two or more bones

Question 33

fibrous joints

Answer 33

• consisting of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, hold the bones tightly together
• in adults these joints, which are also known as sutures, do not allow any movement

Question 34

fontanelles

Answer 34

(fon-tah-NELLS)

• also known as the soft spots
• normally present on the skull of a newborn
• facilitate the passage of the infant through the birth canal
• allow for the growth of the skull during the first year
• gradually harden

Question 35

cartilaginous joints

Answer 35

(kar-tih-LADJ-ih-nus)

• allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage
• Ex: where the ribs connect to the sternum

Question 36

pubic symphysis

Answer 36

(PEW-bick SIM-fih-sis)

• allows some movement to facilitate childbirth
• located b/w the pubic nones in the front of the pelvis

Question 37

synovial joint

Answer 37

(sih-NOH-vee-al)

- is created where two bones articulate to permit a variety of motions

Question 38

synovial capsule

Answer 38

• the outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue that resembles a sleeve as it surrounds the joint

Question 39

synovial membrane

Answer 39

• lines that capsule and secretes synovial fluid

Question 40

synovial fluid

Answer 40

• which flows within the synovial cavity, acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint possible

Question 41

ligaments

Answer 41

(LIG-ah-mentz)

- are bands of fibrous tissue that forms joints by connecting one bone to another bone or by joining a bone to cartilage

Question 42

bursa

Answer 42

(BER-sah)

• is a fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas that are subject to friction
• Ex: shoulder, elbow, knee joint