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Biol 2420 SLCC > Ch 3 - Cell Metabolism > Flashcards

Ch 3 - Cell Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Metabolism is equal to …

A

anabolism
+
catabolism

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2
Q

Catabolic pathway does what?

A

breaks molecules down into:

  • building blocks
  • heat loss
  • useful forms of energy
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3
Q

Anabolic pathway does what?

A

builds building blocks back up to molecules that form cells

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4
Q

_______ reactions release energy

A

Exergonic

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5
Q

_______ reactions require energy

A

Endergonic

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6
Q

Exergonic reactions have a _____ ∆E

A

negative

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7
Q

Endergoinc reactions have a _____ ∆E

A

positive

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8
Q

Catabolic reactions are _____ reactions

A

exergonic

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9
Q

Anabolic reactions are _____ reactions

A

endergonic

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10
Q

Energy is captured and stored as ATP in what type of reactions?

A

catabolic/exergonic reactions

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11
Q

ATP generated is used to drive what kinds of reactions?

A

anabolic/endergonic reactions

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12
Q

What types of chemical reactions are there?

A
  1. condensation and hydrolysis
  2. oxidation-reduction (redox)
  3. phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
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13
Q

hydrolysis is an anabolic or catabolic reaction

A

catabolic

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14
Q

condensation is an anabolic or catabolic reaction

A

anabolic

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15
Q

Oxidation is gain or loss of H atoms?

A

loss

OIL

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16
Q

Reduction is loss or gain of H atoms?

A

gain

RIG

17
Q

Dephosphorylation is what?

A

removal of phosphate group

18
Q

Phosphorylation is what?

A

addition of a phosphate group

19
Q

Changing the direction of a reaction happens by what?

A

changing the reactant or product concentrations

20
Q

What is active energy?

A

extra energy that molecules must acquire in order to react

21
Q

Catalysts do what?

A

speed up the rate of reactions by decreasing the activation energy

22
Q

What are cofactors?

A

inorganic metal ions

23
Q

What do cofactors do?

A

affect the active site’s shape

24
Q

What are coenzymes?

A

organic cofactors (B vitamins)

25
Q

What do coenzymes do?

A

transfer chemical groups or electrons

26
Q

What affects the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

A
  1. enzyme catalytic rate
  2. substrate concentration
  3. enzyme concentration
  4. affinity of enzyme for substrate
  5. temperature and pH
27
Q

How does substrate concentration affect enzyme reaction rate?

A

too much causes saturation

Biol 2420 SLCC (7 decks)

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