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Organic Chemistry 1 > Ch. 3 Alkanes and their Stereochemistry > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Alkanes and their Stereochemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Non aromatic hydrocarbons such as a simple alkane, alkene or alkyne.

A

Aliphatic compounds

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2
Q

Compound of carbon and hydrogen with only single bonds.

A

Alkane

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3
Q

The partial structure that remains when a hydrogen atom is removed from and alkane.

A

Alkyl Group

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4
Q

The geometric arrangement around a carbon-carbon single bond in which the two largest substituents are 180 degrees apart as viewed in a Newman projection.

A

Anti- conformation

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5
Q

Alkanes that contain a branching connection of carbons as opposed to straight chain alkanes. One or more C’s connected to 3-4 C’s.

A

Branched chain alkanes.

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6
Q

3D shape of a molecules at any given instant, assuming that the rotation around single bonds is frozen.

A

Conformations

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7
Q

Confirmational isomers

A

Conformers

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8
Q

Isomers that differ in how their atoms are arranged in chains are called constitutional isomers. They must have the same molecular formula.

A

Constitutional isomers

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9
Q

Geometric arrangement around a carbon-carbon single bond in where the bonds to substituents on one carbon are parallel to the binds to substituents on the neighboring carbon as viewed on a Newman projection.

A

Eclipsed conformation

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10
Q

An atom or group of atoms that is part of a larger molecule and has a characteristic chemical reactivity.

A

Functional Group

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11
Q

The chemistry of every organic molecule is determined by the ____ _____ it contains.

A

Functional Group

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12
Q

The conformation of butane in which the two methyl groups lie 60 degrees apart as viewed in a newman projection.

A

Gauche-confirmation

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13
Q

A class of compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen.

A

hydrocarbons

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14
Q

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures.

A

Isomers

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15
Q

Means of indicating stereochemical relationships between substituent groups on neighboring carbons. The carbon-carbon bond viewed head on, carbons indicated by a circle.

A

Newman projection

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16
Q

Bonds radiating from the center of the circle in the newman projection are attached to the ___ carbon.

A

Front

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17
Q

Bonds radiating from the edge of the circle are attached to the ___ carbon.

A

Rear

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18
Q

A generalized abbreviation for an organic partial structure.

A

R- group

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19
Q

A molecule that has only single bonds and cant undergo addition reactions.

A

Saturated

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20
Q

___ are saturated and ___ are unsaturated.

A

Alkanes

Alkenes

21
Q

3D arrangement of atoms around a carbon-carbon single bond in which the bonds on one carbon bisect the bond angles on the second carbon as viewed on end.

A

staggered confirmation

22
Q

Branch of chemistry concerned with the 3D arrangement of atoms in molecules.

A

Stereochemistry

23
Q

The strain imposed on a molecule when two groups are too close together and try to occupy the same space.

A

Steric Strain

24
Q

___ ___ is responsible for the greater stability of trans vs cis alkenes as well as the greater stability of equatorially substituted vs. axially substituted cyclohexanes.

A

Steric Strain

25
Q

Alkanes whose carbon atoms are connected without branching. No more than two other C’s.

A

Straight chain alkanes

26
Q

Strain on a molecule caused by electron repulsion between eclipsed bonds. AKA eclipsing strain

A

Torsional Strain

27
Q

These are single bonded carbon chains.

A

Alkanes

28
Q

These are double bonded carbons.

A

Alkenes

29
Q

These are triple bonded carbons.

A

Alkynes

30
Q

The platform of a molecule holds the ____.

A

Functional group

31
Q

The platform of a molecule is a _____.

A

Carbon chain

32
Q

This is an alkyl group attached to a halogen such as F, Cl, Br, I.

A

Halide

33
Q

This is a hydroxyl functional group attached to an alkyl group.

A

Alcohol- OH

34
Q

This is an oxygen atom connected to 2 alkyl groups.

A

Ether

35
Q

This is a functional group containing a phosphorous atom bound to 4 oxygen atoms

A

Phosphate group

36
Q

The molecular formula for an alkane with more than three carbons can give more than one structure.

A

Alkane Isomers

37
Q

CH4

A

Methane

38
Q

C2H6

A

Ethane

39
Q

C3H8

A

Propane

40
Q

C4H10

A

Butane

41
Q

C5H12

A

Pentane

42
Q

C6H14

A

Hexane

43
Q

C7H16

A

Heptane

44
Q

C8H18

A

Octane

45
Q

C9H20

A

Nonane

46
Q

C10H22

A

Decane

47
Q

Boiling points and melting points increase as the size of an alkane ______.

A

Increases

48
Q

Different arrangement of atoms resulting from bond rotation.

A

Conformation

49
Q

What 2 ways can conformations be represented in which 2 ways?

A

Sawhorse and Newman

Organic Chemistry 1 (4 decks)

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