Ch. 3/4

Question 1

Define humanism

Answer 1

a system of thought that centers around humans and their values, interests, and needs

Question 2

Renaissance is a “re-birth” of ideas- where did humanists get these ideas from?

Answer 2

Classical civilizations: Ancient Greeks/Romans

Question 3

List two things that humanists believed

Answer 3

1. find truth for themselves
2. important to have a curious and questioning mind
3. great things can be achieved through learning
4. people should be skilled in many different areas

Question 4

Define: Civic Humanism

Answer 4

Being a responsible citizen meant educating yourself about history and politics, but ALSO mean working to improve society

Question 5

Provide a Renaissance example of Civic Humanism

Answer 5

The Medici family funding libraries or churches

Question 6

Provide a MODERN DAY example of Civic Humanism

Answer 6

Donating goods, charities, taxes, community work, etc.

Question 7

“To be ignorant of the lives of the most celebrated men of Antiquity is to continue in a state of childhood all our days.”

-What does this quote mean?

Answer 7

It explains the importance of education, and how it is important to learn about the past so we can make better decisions for the future

Question 8

What discoveries/inventions did Galileo make?

Answer 8

Created a telescope and theorized that the Earth revolves around the Sun

Question 9

What discoveries/inventions did Copernicus make?

Answer 9

Got ideas from ancient Greek astronomers- believed the Earth revolved around the sun

Question 10

What did Kepler spend his life doing?

Answer 10

Spent 20 years using math to prove his ideas. He combined Ptolemy’s and Copernicus’ ideas together

Question 11

What is the Scientific Method?

Answer 11

A process for hypothesizing, and experimenting to find an answer to something

Question 12

True or False: The Catholic church encouraged the scientific method and the discoveries that came from it

Answer 12

False

Question 13

In Machiavelli’s eyes, what made a good ruler?

Answer 13

If you were able to conquer, and maintain control of a state (it didn’t matter if people liked you)

Question 14

Why was the catholic church being criticized?

Answer 14

For corruption, and spending money on luxury items rather than religious items for the church

Question 15

What is the protestant reformation?

Answer 15

Martin Luther criticized the Catholic church publicly, and created his own church. The people who agree with Luther were called “protestants”

Question 16

How did the Catholic church respond to the protestant reformation?

Answer 16

The Catholic Counter- Reformation:

-They decided to “clean-up” the church, and give priests a better education

Question 17

How did the printing press change society?

Answer 17

It allowed a mass-production of books, which made reading material widely available to everyone (not just the rich). In return, more people became literate (able to read), and were kept up-to-date on political issues