Ch. 3 Flashcards
The area between the lungs is termed:
Mediastinum
Where does the trachea lie in relation to the esophagus?
Anterior
What is the name of the hook-like process, on the last tracheal cartilage?
Carina
What structures are in the mediastinum?
Heart & Great Vessels
Trachea
Esophagus
Thymus
Lymphatics
Nerves
Fibrous Tissue
Fat
Which exposure technique is required to penetrate thoracic anatomy?
high kVp
Presence of gas in the pleural cavity is know as :
Pneumothorax
How far above the shoulders should the IR be positioned for a PA and Lateral chest?
1.5 to 2 inches
Where are the hands placed for a PA projection of the chest?
back of hands on back of hips
Why in the upright left lateral position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest?
- to reduce magnification of the heart
- patients heart is closer to the IR
What is the most optimal position of the patient for examination of the heart and lungs?
Upright
What is the CR angle for a PA chest?
perpendicular (0 degree)
How many ribs should be visible above the diaphragm on a PA chest radiograph?
10 ribs
What plane must be accurately parallel to the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiography?
Mid Sagittal
What is the most optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest?
full inspiration on the 2nd breath
What is the recommended SID for a supine and AP chest?
72 inches
The thoracic cavity is enclosed with a shiny slippery lining called:
the serous membrane
Oxygen & Carbon dioxide are exchanged by diffusion within with:
the alveoli
The costophrenic angle is part of what:
Lungs
Or
Pleural Space
Each lung is divided into specific segments called what:
Lobes
the space between the two pleural walls is:
pleural cavity
What is the recommended SID for a PA chest?
72 inches
Where should the top of the IR be positioned for a supine AP chest radiograph?
1.5 to 2 inches
Inflammation of the bronchi would be termed:
bronchitis
Fluid that collects in the pleural cavity is called:
Pleural Effusion
A chronic condition with persistent obstruction of the bronchial air flow
COPD
(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
When fluid replaces air in the lung interstitial and alveoli; the patient is said to have:
Pulmonary Adema
The aspiration of a foreign particle in the lung is called:
pulmonary aspiration
What two things will be observed while viewing a supine chest radiograph?
- lungs will appear shorter
- clavicles will appear higher
What two radiographs are taken on a patient who is suspected of having a small amount of free air in the pleural cavity?
AP , full inspiration
AP, full expiration
What are the advantages of using SID 72 inches for chest radiography?
- decreased magnification of the heart
- increased recorded detail
What position rolls the scapula out of the lateral aspects of the lungs?
Rolling the shoulders forward
The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the:
Apex
The right lung, is about how much shorter then the left & why?
1 inch shorter because of the large space occupied by the liver and it is broader than the left lung because of the heart position
What is the name of the double walled serous membrane sac that encloses the lung?
Pleura
After entering the hilum, each primary bronchus divides.
How many primary branches are in the right lung?
3
Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
Thoracic
The serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic walls is called:
peritoneum
Because of the more vertical position and greater diameter, what is more likely to occur?
Foreign bodies enter the trachea are_______
more likely to pass into the right bronchus than left bronchus
Right lung _____ lobes
Left lung ____ lobes
Right, 3
Left, 2
Which of the following would not be included in the mediastinum?
1) Thymus
2) larynx
3) diaphragm
Larynx and Diaphragm
The Thymus is included in the mediastinum
Part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the:
Apex
Where does the esophagus lie in relation to the trachea?
Behind the trachea
The thoracic cavity contains all the following: besides the:
Larynx
Is the esophagus a part of the respiratory system?
No
Is the thymus a structure of the mediastinum?
Yes!
Which two of the following will be observed on a supine AP chest Radiograph? (select all that apply)
a) lung field will appear longer
b) clavicles will be projected higher
c) all 12 ribs are shown
d) lung field will appear shorter
b) clavicles will be projected higher
d) lung field will appear shorter
Which of the following are required to produce a radiograph using decubitus position? ( select all that apply )
a) Vertical X Ray beam
b) patient in recumbent position
c) horizontal x ray beam
d) patient in the upright position
b) patient is recumbent position
c) horizontal x ray beam
what area of the thorax is bounded by the sternum anteriorly, the spine posteriorly ane lung laterally?
mediastinum
A CXR (chest x ray) can be made at the end of a full expiration for what conditions?
Pneumothorax & presence of a foreign body
What are the two essential projections for a heart and lungs that are routinely used for chest examinations?
PA
Left Lateral
T/F
The patients heart will appear larger in the right lateral projection image than the left lateral projection image.
TRUE
The medias final surface is concave with a depression called the
hilum
The mediastinum is a_____
large compartment in the chest that contains vital organs and structures:
