CH 3 Flashcards
Female reproductive cells
eggs or ova
female organ for development of the fetus
uterus
Male reproductive cells
sperm
Organ for deposit of the sperm
penis
External Female Reproductive Organs
- mons pubis
- labia majora and minora
- clitoris
- vestibular structures
- perineum
Labia majora
contains sweat and sebaceous glands; protects the vaginal opening
Labia minora
highly vascular and abundant in nerve supply; lubricates the vulva and swells w/ stimulation
Clitoris
small cylindrical mass of erectile tissue and nerves; function is sexual stimulation
Prepuce (prepyoos)
hood like covering over the clitoris; also site of female circumcision
Vestibule
oval area enclosed by the labia minora laterally located inside the labia minora and outside the hymen
opening into the vagina: introitus
fourchette: half moon area behind the opening
Bartholin’s & Skene’s glands
secrete mucus to keep the opening moist
INTERNAL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
- vagina
- uterus
- cervix
- fallopian tubes
- ovaries
Endometrium
(Uterine Wall)
innermost layer
lines the uterine cavity in nonpregnant women
Myometrium
(Uterine Wall)
muscular MIDDLE layer
makes up the major portion of the uterus
composed of smooth muscle linked by connective tissue
Perimetrium
(Uterine Wall)
outer serosal layer
covers the body of the uterus
Cervix
the lower part of the uterus
Breasts
-accessary organs specialized for milk secretion
-nipple
-areola
-lobes
-alveolar and lactiferous glands
Female Sexual Cycle
Desire
Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution
Follicular phase day ____ thru ______
day 1 thru ovulation
approx days 10-14
Ovulation day ____
day 14 of a 28 day cycle
Luteal phase day ____
day 15 through day 28 of a 28 day cycle
Ovarian cycle
Endometrial cycle
GnRH
(gonadotropin releasing hormone)
secreted from the HYPOTHALAMUS throughout the reproductive cycle. Releases slowly during the follicular phase and increases during luteal phase.
GnRH induces the release of FSH and LH to assist w/ ovulation.
FSH
(follicle stimulating hormone)
secreted by the ANTERIOR pituitary gland & responsible for maturation of the ovarian follicle. FSH secretion highest/important during the 1st week of the follicular phase.
LH
(luteinizing hormone)
secreted by the ANTERIOR pituitary gland. Estrogen production declines and progesterone secretion continues. Estrogen levels fall a day before ovulation and progest levels rise.
Estrogen
secreted by the OVARIES and is crucial for development and maturation of the follicle.
Progesterone
secreted by the CORPUS LUTEUM. increase just before ovulation and peak 5-7 days after.
Often called the HORMONE OF PREGNANCY bc of its calming effect (reduces uterine contractions) on the uterus, allowing pregnancy to be maintained.
Menstruation
-expulsion of inner uterine lining
-frequency: 21-36 days; average 28 days
Menarche
establishment of menstruation in females
Menopause
naturally occurring cessation of regular menstrual cycles
universal & irreversible part of aging
-1 year w/out a period
Perimenopause
2 to 8 yrs prior to menopause
-vasomotor s/s: hot flashes and night sweats
External Male Reproductive Organs
- penis
- scrotum
penis
organ of copulation
outlet for urine & sperm
scrotum
sac surrounding & protecting testes
climate control system for testes
Internal Male Reproductive Organs
- testes - sperm production & testosterone synthesis
- vas deferens (sperm transport)
- spermatic cord
- urethra
- seminal vesicles
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral glands
Male Sexual Response
Desire
Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution
