Ch 23 Test Flashcards

1
Q

What was the u employment rate in 1933?

A

25%

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2
Q

Even people who had jobs sometimes faces what problems in regards to work?

A

They had reduced hours and lowered wages

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3
Q

What were makeshift towns for the homeless called?

A

Hoovervilles

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4
Q

What did Hoover want to do in respond to the Great Depression?

A

He wanted local governments charities and businesses to voluntarily help out

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5
Q

What was the reconstruction finance corporation? What did it do?

A

RFC funded critical business like banks and insurance companies and gave money to local governments for public works projects

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6
Q

What was the bonus army? Why did they go to Washington? What happened there?

A

WWI veterans who had been promised a bonus for fighting in the war. They went to Washington to ask for the bonus early. They were told no. Some were forcefully removed

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7
Q

What was the purpose of the emergency banking relief act?

A

It provided more careful government regulation of banks

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8
Q

What was FDR’s brain trust?

A

A group of advisors many of whom had been college professors

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9
Q

What were the three goals of the new deal?

A

Relief for the jobless
Economic recovery
Reforms to prevent future depressions

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10
Q

FERA

A

Federal emergency relief administration- refunds to states so they would reopen relief agencies

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11
Q

CCC

A

Civilian conservation corps- work in national parks and forests
Conservation and jobs for people

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12
Q

WPA

A

Works progress administration- public works

Jobs for people

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13
Q

NRA

A

National recovery administration
Kept prices stable
Minimum wage
No child labor

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14
Q

PWA

A

Public works administration
Improved the infrastructure of America
Have jobs

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15
Q

TVA

A

Tennessee valley authority
Built dams and provided hydroelectric power to rural areas
Gave jobs

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16
Q

FDIC

A

Federal deposit insurance corporation

Protected deposits into banks

17
Q

What were some criticisms from conservations on the new deal?

A

It went too far in regulating business and restricting individual freedoms

18
Q

What were some criticisms from liberals on the new deal?

A

It didn’t do enough to help the poor

19
Q

What did women do to help make it though the Great Depression?

A

Found work outside the home
Canned fruits and vegetables
Baked their own bread
Sewed their own clothes

20
Q

What told did Eleanor Roosevelt have?

A

“Eyes and ears” for FDR

met with people to see what could be done

21
Q

What did many southern African Americans do during the Great Depression?

A

Moved north to try to get jobs

22
Q

Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

A

An educator who served on the black cabinet to help the African Americans of the U.S.

23
Q

What was the black cabinet?

A

A group of African Americans who were appointed to help FDR address issues related to African Americans

24
Q

Who was Marian Anderson and why did she become a civil rights symbol?

A

A singer who was refused a singing gig at an event

25
Q

What happened to many Mexican Americans and Mexican immigrants during the Great Depression?

A

Many were deported

26
Q

What was the Indian new deal? Who helped put it in place?

A

Funding to build schools hospitals and irrigation systems on native reservations
Also our reservations under Native American control
John collier executed this new deal policy

27
Q

What was the dust bowl?

A

Severe drought in the middle of the country
Causing dust storms
Crop failure

28
Q

What were black blizzards?

How did they affect people and animals?

A

Dust storms that swept the topsoil away
They buried fences
Seeped into houses
Killed people and animals when it got into their lungs

29
Q

What are Okies? Where did they come from and where were they going?

A

A derogatory term for people migrating from the dust bowl area
Some from Oklahoma

30
Q

Why was John Steinbeck famous?

A

Wrote the grapes of wrath

31
Q

What did Dorothea Lange do?

A

Took pictures of migrant workers

32
Q

What were popular movies of the Great Depression?

A

The grapes of wrath

King Kong

33
Q

What are fireside chats?

A

Radio speeches given by FDR to help people understand what programs were being rolled out
Helped people have some hope in improvement in the economy

34
Q

What was the social security act?

Who did it help?

A
Funded through a payroll 
The SSA helped older people
Kids
Disabled
And 
Unemployed
35
Q

What was the Wagner act?

A

Guaranteed workers rights to organize into unions and prohibited unfair business practices
It also upheld the right for collective bargaining

36
Q

What were some arguments against the new dealV

A

It gave too much power to the federal government
It threatened individual freedoms and free enterprise
Making too much debt

37
Q

What were arguments for the new deal?

A
It eased many problems 
Employed millions
Ended the banking crisis
Reformed the stock market
Improved working conditions
38
Q

When did the Great Depression end?

A

1941

When the U.S. Began producing goods for the war

39
Q

What were the causes of the Great Depression?

A

Overproduction decline in housing and car purchases a banking crisis unemployment business going into bankruptcy the stock market was unstable