Ch 23: Sonographers in the Clinical Setting

Question 1

Four major principles of medical ethics are…

Answer 1

1. respect for autonomy
2. non-maleficence
3. beneficence
4. justice

Question 2

This means that the patient has the capacity to act intentionally, with understanding, and with free will.

Answer 2

respect for autonomy

Question 3

Respect for autonomy is the basis of…

Answer 3

informed consent.

Question 4

This requires that we avoid needless harm or injury to the patient, whether by action or inaction.

Answer 4

non-maleficence

Question 5

Imposing careless of unreasonable risk of harm on a person is…

Answer 5

negligence.

Question 6

This dictates that the actions of health care providers should benefit the patient.

Answer 6

beneficence

Question 7

This requires that patients who are equals should qualify for equal treatment regardless of age, sex, etc.

Answer 7

justice

Question 8

This is the process by which patients are educated about the essentials of a medical procedure.

Answer 8

informed consent

Question 9

Complete informed consent generally includes…

Answer 9

1. the nature of the procedure
2. reasonable alternatives
3. risks, benefits, and uncertainties
4. assessment of the patient’s understanding
5. the patient’s acceptance

Question 10

To be valid, a __ patient must give __ consent.

Answer 10

competent, voluntary

Question 11

A patient is not competent to give consent if they’re…

Answer 11

underage, incapacitated, or being educated in a language they do not speak.

Question 12

T/F? A patient may withdraw previously granted consent at any time.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Upon meeting a patient, a sonographer should __ herself, __ the procedure, and __ the patient.

Answer 13

introduce, describe, identify

Question 14

This is defined as the quality of being worthy, honored, or esteemed.

Answer 14

dignity

Question 15

This field studies the interaction between sonographer, patient, and equipment in order to optimize the well being of sonographers in their professional environment.

Answer 15

ergonomics

Question 16

More than __ sonographers experience pain from a work-related injury.

Answer 16

3 out of 4

Question 17

The causes of work-related injuries include…

Answer 17

repetitive motions, forceful or awkward movements, poor posture, improper positioning, strain, and extended periods of joint pressure.

Question 18

What important innovation allows the sonographer to maintain the recommended wrist, neck, eye, and body positions during scanning.

Answer 18

articulation (swivel and extension) control panels and monitors

Question 19

It is beneficial to maintain __ positions that avoid stress and fatigue.

Answer 19

neutral

Question 20

These are a set of guidelines to minimize the exposure and risk of health care workers when in contact with a patient.

Answer 20

standard precautions

Question 21

What should all health care workers do to prevent exposure to patient’s bodily fluids?

Answer 21

practice good hygiene habits (hand washing, gloves, gowns, etc)

Question 22

OSHA stands for…

Answer 22

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 23

Tasks with a greater potential for exposure have a greater need for…

Answer 23

appropriate protective equipment.

Question 24

All work activities should be classified according to…

Answer 24

the potential for exposure.

Question 25

A detailed work program should be developed that includes…

Answer 25

standard operating procedures (SOPs) for all activities that have exposure potential.

Question 26

Worker training should include…

Answer 26

safe work practices and use of protective equipment.

Question 27

The employer should monitor workers to ensure that…

Answer 27

the required work practices are observed and protective equipment properly used.

Question 28

__ of the protective procedures should be kept.

Answer 28

Documentation