Ch. 23 Respiratory System Flashcards
Body cells must obtain ____ and eliminate ____
Obtain oxygen
Eliminate CO2
What are the 5 functions of the respiratory system?
- Provide an area for gas exchange between air and circulating blood
- Move air to and from exchange surfaces
- Protect respiratory surfaces from environmental variations and defend the respiratory system and other tissues from invasion by pathogens
- Produce sounds
- Facilitate the detection of olfactory stimuli
What are the divisions of the respiratory system?
Upper and lower
What does the upper respiratory system contain?
Nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx
What does the lower respiratory system contain?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
What does the respiratory tract consist of?
The conducting airways that carry air to and from the alveoli
What do the passageways of the upper respiratory tract do?
Filter and humidify incoming air
What is the respiratory mucosa?
The respiratory epithelium and underlying connective tissues
What does the respiratory mucosa line?
The conducting portion of the respiratory tract
What is the respiratory epithelium supported by?
The lamina propria
What is the lamina propria?
A layer of areolar tissue
What is the respiratory defense system made up of?
Mucus and cilia
What prevents contamination of the respiratory system?
Mucus and cilia
Where does air enter the respiratory system normally?
Through the nostrils
What do the nostrils open into?
The nasal cavity
What is the nasal vestibule guarded by?
Hairs that screen out large particles
Where does incoming air flow through?
Superior, middle, and inferior meatuses (narrow grooves) and then bounces off the conchal surfaces
What separates the oral and nasal cavities?
The hard palate
What does the soft palate separate?
The superior nasopharynx from the rest of the pharynx
What does the choanae connect?
The nasal cavity and nasopharynx
What does the nasal mucosa do?
Trap particles, warms and humidifies incoming air, and dehumidifies and absorbs heat of outgoing air
What is the pharynx?
Also called the throat
A chamber shared by the digestive and respiratory systems
What is the nasopharynx?
The superior part of the pharynx
What is the oropharynx continuous with?
The oral cavity