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AP Euro > Ch 23 > Flashcards

Ch 23 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

gold standard

A

value of a currency was defined in terms of gold, could be exchanged

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2
Q

Second Industrial Revolution

A

steel,chemicals,electricity,oil

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3
Q

Henry Bessemer-Bessemer Process

A

created steel cheaply and mass quantities

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4
Q

Gottlieb Daimler

A

modern internal combustion engine

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5
Q

Henry Ford

A

car accessible to masses; assembly line

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6
Q

3 major oil suppliers

A

Standard Oil of US; Brit. Shell Oil; Royal Dutch Petroleum

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7
Q

word coined at this time

A

unemployment

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8
Q

W.H. Smith

A

owner of railway newsstands (part of new middle class=new money)

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9
Q

Henri Fournier

A

won 1901 Paris to Berlin Motor Car Race

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10
Q

petite bourgeoisie (lower middle c)

A

white collar workers; working class origins;belong to unions; sought distance b/w them and lower-class lifestyle

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11
Q

Baron Georges Haussmann (Sewer guy)

A

Napoleon III; redesigned Paris=cleaner and more organized; oversaw vast urban reconstruction program

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12
Q

métro

A

subway system put in

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13
Q

1889 Eiffel Tower

A

orig. temporary structure for international trade exposition of 1889

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14
Q

Sacré Cœur

A

built Roman Catholic Church

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15
Q

Cholera

A

touched all classes; led to sanitary reforms

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16
Q

Louis René Villermé, Edwin Chadwick, Rudolf Virchow

A

argued for everyone to get clean

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17
Q

Melun Act of 1851 (France)

A

concern for public health

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18
Q

Louis Pasteur, Robert Kock, Joseph Lister

A

science behind the clean; inc public concern about cleanliness

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19
Q

A.V. Huber (Ger)

A

housing reforms

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20
Q

Jules Simon

A

good housing=good family life=stronger patriotic feeling

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21
Q

Married Woman’s Property Act (Brit)

A

allowed women to own property by self

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22
Q

“female job”

A

school teaching at elementary level

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23
Q

putting-out system

A

manufacturer own fabric not made in factory, put it out for tailoring; sweatshops

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24
Q

Economic vulnerability of women (why Mercy made)

A

led to women going into prostitution b/c they couldn’t live on their wages

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25
Q

fewer prostitutes in manufacturing towns

A

b/c steady employment available and community life=more stable

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26
Q

Bon Marché

A

was made; department store

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27
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

the vindication of Rights of women; women’s rights=right of men

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28
Q

John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor

A

lib freedom women: the Subjection of Women-utility+ efficiency expose human+social waste b/c=inferior role women have

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29
Q

Millicent Fawcett

A

led moderate National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies-parl. give women right to vote if respon.

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30
Q

Henry Fawcett (Harr.’s hubby)

A

supported her; Liberal Party cabinet minister and economist-supported feminism

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31
Q

Emmeline Pankhurst (arrested)

A

radical branch of Brit. feminists

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32
Q

E.P.’S daughters-Christabel and Sylvia

A

EP. C, S, founded Women’s Social and Political Union- violent tactics men wouldn’t listen

33
Q

suffragettes ‘allow’

A

lobbied publicly and privately to extend women right to vote

34
Q

Prime Minister Herbert Asquith (mean)

A

imprisoned demonstrators+ force-fed ones who went on hunger strikes in jail

35
Q

1918

A

year women got right to vote

36
Q

Hubertine Auclert (France)

A

women’s right to vote=she stood alone

37
Q

National Council of French Women

A

upper-class-women; NOT support right for women

38
Q

Marie Mauguet

A

Roman Catholic; support right vote

39
Q

French Chamber of Deputies

A

passed bill granting vote women 1919; lost; didn’t get right=after WWII

40
Q

Union of German Women’s Organizations

A

supported right vote; main concern improve w’s social cond., inc edu., extending their right protections

41
Q

German Social Democratic Party

A

support women suffrage

42
Q

Jews lib (sorta)

A

Joseph II-put Jews under empire under same laws as Christians; National Assembly-recognized Jews as French citizens; full citiz. in Ger, Italy and Low Counties

43
Q

pogroms

A

org. riots against Jewish neighborhoods and villages

44
Q

Lionel Rothschild (Jew)

A

head of London branch bank; Jews got blamed for hard times

45
Q

anti-semitism

A

hatred of Jews

46
Q

Zionism

A

want own Jewish homeland

47
Q

Trade Unionism

A

gov extended legal protections to unions; unions= legal

48
Q

First International (trade union)

A

had socialists, anarchists, Polish nationals; trade union (beginning Communism)

49
Q

Marxism

A

emerged as single most imp strand socialism

50
Q

Keir Hardie

A

1st independent working man elect to Parliament

51
Q

Taff Vale Decision

A

remove legal protection on union funds

52
Q

Fabian Society

A

most influential socialist group ; tried to do major socialist reform

53
Q

Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Georges Bernard Shaw

A

Fabians;problems of ind,expansion of ownership+state direction prod. solved gradually, peacefully, and democratically

54
Q

Joseph Chamberlain

A

unsuccessful to change tax laws

55
Q

Sir Henry Campbell

A

lib party

56
Q

National Insurance Act 1911

A

provided unemployment benefits+health care

57
Q

Parliament Act 1911

A

allow Commons override legislative veto of upper chamber

58
Q

Jean Jaurès and Jules Guesde

A

two maj factions socialism (France)
Je-work w/ Radical ministers to get what they want
G-disagreed

59
Q

2nd International

A

unify various national socialists

60
Q

opportunism

A

participation by socialists in cabinet

61
Q

Générale du Travail

A

improve worker conditions->direct action

62
Q

syndicalism

A

unite workers and gain them power

63
Q

Georges Soral

A

Reflections on Violence; syndicalism

64
Q

Wilhelm Liebknecht+ August Bebel

A

Marxists opposed reformist policies

65
Q

Emperor William II

A

anti socialism expire->build up new pol. support among working class

66
Q

Eduard Bernstein

A

Evolutionary Socialism;conditions didn’t meet Marxist’s expectations

67
Q

Revisionism

A

revised Marxism to fit times

68
Q

Count Sergei Witte (SNow)

A

led Russia into industrial age

69
Q

Russia and trade unions

A

illegal

70
Q

mir

A

villages

71
Q

kulaks

A

peasant farmers

72
Q

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin)

A

1st Communist guy:Bolsheviks

73
Q

Bolsheviks

A

majority; Lenin’s group

74
Q

Menshiviks

A

minority; moderate democratic revolutionary

75
Q

Bloody Sunday

A

kill thousands; Winter Palace; bad move czar=people no longer trust

76
Q

soviets

A

controlled St. Petersburg; worker’s union

77
Q

October Manifesto

A

promised Russia constitutional monarchy

78
Q

Duma

A

rep body; w/ 2 chambers; later dissolved

79
Q

Grigory Efimovich Rasputin

A

got power; Russia’s greatest love machine; “heal” people; real creep

AP Euro (4 decks)

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