ch 21 Flashcards
What is Zollverein?
a custom union started in Prussia in 1834 which established free trade among German states and uniform tariff against the rest of the world
What is Polyglot?
knowing or using several languages
What is Nationalism?
based on the assumption that governments could be legitimate only if they reflected the character, history, and customs
Briefly explain how the Second Empire in France was founded.
Emperor Napoleon III used the dynamics of the French revolution and followed by divisions among the supporters. Many supporters feeling alienated lead them to join with the opposition and ally with radicals.
Which groups frustrated the efforts of the Habsburgs to hold on to power?
Austria and Hungary
Briefly explain the political philosophy of Napoleon III.
He believed in person rule and a centralized state. He controlled the nation’s finances, the army, and foreign affairs
The conservative government of Great Britain passed the 1867 Reform Bill, which impacted the vote how?
The bill redistributed seats with large northerner cities gaining representation at the expense of rural south. This law allowed a portion of the working class to participate in the affairs of the state
What was John Stuart Mill’s argument about women?
Women had to be considered individuals on the same plane as men and that women’s freedom was a measure of social progress
Briefly explain the main components of Italian unification.
One group envisions a republican Italy built from below by popular uprising by achieving national unification through popular movements committed to democratic reforms. The second group was more conservative and sus of democracy. They sought to unify Italy as a constitutional monarchy under the leadership of kingdom of piedmont- Sardinia. Garibaldi stood for unification from below, Cavour for unification guided from above.
Briefly explain Bismarck’s quest for a united Germany.
He gained support from the citizens. He created the northern Germany confederation
What was the incident that began the Franco-Prussian War?
The right to occupy the Spanish throne created an opportunity to foment a misunderstanding
Who was the first emperor of a united Germany?
Wilhelm I
What nation best exhibited the benefits and advantages of a polyglot culture?
Austria- Hungary
What were some of the most significant changes in the United States because of the American Civil War?
Abolishment of slavery, established preeminence of the national government over states’ rights
What does the expression “the Eastern Question” refer to?
The ottoman empires political status and viability
