Ch 2: What are the Issues and Conclusions?

Question 1

What is an issue?

Answer 1

The question/controversy stimulating discussion or the question under consideration
Problem that needs to be solved
Requires system 2 thinking

Question 2

Descriptive issues

Answer 2

Raises questions about the accuracy of information about the world whether that be in the past, present, or future
Requires answers attempting to describe the way the world was, is, or is going to be
Any questions asked to verify the facts

i.e. What treatment
method is most effective for managing communication disorders?

i.e. What is a cause of this communication disorder?

Question 3

Prescriptive issues

Answer 3

Raises questions about what ought to be, what is right/wrong or good or bad
Questions require answers suggesting the way the world OUGHT to be
Ethical/moral, perspectives and standards of conduct or ethics

i.e. What should we do about clinicians who charge for services never administered (fraud)

i.e. Should I correct my friend for an inappropriate usage of a term?

Question 4

What is a conclusion?

Answer 4

Position the writer is taking with respect to the question
The answer, claim or thesis
What they want you to believe, trying to influence your perceptions/beliefs
Message speaker wishes you to accept (claim)

Question 5

Who is an author?

Answer 5

People who make claims
Books, magazine, podcasts, webpage, journal, vlog
Social media, TV
Significant others
Helping professionals
YOU!