ch. 2 Theories of Personality Flashcards
What is personality?
an individual’s unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits.
What are the big 5 traits of psychology?
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeable
Neuroticism
What are Freud’s level of consciousness?
id, ego, and superego
What’s the difference between the three?
pleasure principle, reality principle, and social standards.
What is fixation?
excessive gratification or excessive frustration.
what is classical conditioning?
a learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response initially evoked by another stimulus.
What are the three levels of awareness?
- conscious
- preconscious
- unconscious
What are defense mechanisms?
largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from anxiety and guilt
what is operant conditioning?
a form of learning in which VOLUNTARY responses come to be controlled by their consequences.
Positive reinforcement
frequently increased; arrival of an pleasant stimulus
negative reinforcement
frequently increased; removal of an unpleasant stimulus
punishment
frequently decreased; arrival of an unpleasant stimulus
hierarchy of needs
systemic arrangement of needs
self actualization
to fulfill one’s potiential
congruence
self concept matches self
