Ch 2: The Person & The Situation

Question 0

Goal

Answer 0

A desired outcome; something one wishes to achieve or accomplish

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

The force that moves people toward desired outcomes

Question 2

Motive

Answer 2

A high-level goal fundamental to social survival

Question 3

Attention

Answer 3

The process of consciously focusing on aspects of our environment or ourselves

Question 4

Automaticity

Answer 4

The ability of a behavior or cognitive process to operate w/o conscious guidance once it’s put in2 motion

Question 5

Exemplar

Answer 5

A mental representation of a specific episode, event, or individual

Question 6

Schema

Answer 6

A mental representation capturing the general characteristics of a particular class of episodes, events, or individuals

Question 7

Priming

Answer 7

The process of activating knowledge of goals, of making them ready for use

Question 8

Chronically Accessible

Answer 8

The state of being easily activated, or primed, for use

Question 9

Attitudes

Answer 9

Favorable or unfavorable evaluations of a particular person, object, event, or idea

Question 10

Emotions

Answer 10

Relatively intense feelings characterized by physiological arousal & complex cognitions

Question 11

Moods

Answer 11

Relatively long-lasting feelings that diffuse & not directed toward particular targets

Question 12

Counterfactual Thinking

Answer 12

The process of imagining alternative, “might have been” versions of actual events

Question 13

Self-Concept

Answer 13

A mental representation capturing our view & beliefs about ourselves

Question 14

Self-Esteem

Answer 14

Our attitude toward ourselves

Question 15

Social Comparison

Answer 15

The process though which people come to know themselves by comparing their abilities, attitudes, & beliefs with those of others

Question 16

Reflected Appraisal Process

Answer 16

The process through which people come to know themselves by observing or imagining how others view them

Question 17

Self-Perception Process

Answer 17

The process through which people observe their own behavior to infer internal characteristics such as traits, abilities, & attitudes

Question 18

Self-Regulation

Answer 18

The process through which people select, monitor, & adjust their strategies in an attempt to reach their goals

Question 19

Self-Presentation

Answer 19

The process through which we try to control the impressions people form of us

Question 20

Affordance

Answer 20

An opportunity or threat provided by a situation

Question 21

Descriptive Norm

Answer 21

A norm that defines what is commonly done in a situation

Question 22

Pluralistic Ignorance

Answer 22

The phenomenon in which people in a group misperceive the beliefs of others b/c everyone acts inconsistently with their beliefs

Question 23

Injunctive Norm

Answer 23

A norm that described what is commonly approved or disapproved in a situation

Question 24

Scripted Situation

Answer 24

A situation in which certain events are expected to occur in a particular sequence

Question 25

Individualistic Culture

Answer 25

A culture that socializes its members to think of themselves as individuals and to give priority to their personal goals

Question 26

Collectivist Culture

Answer 26

A culture that socializes its members to think of themselves in terms of their relationships & as members of the larger social group, & to prioritize the concerns of their relationship partners & groups before their own

Question 27

Person-Situation fit

Answer 27

The extent to which a person and a situation are compatible

Question 28

Socialization

Answer 28

The process whereby a culture teaches its members about its beliefs, cultures, & language