Ch 1: Intro To Social Psychology

Question 0

Theory

Answer 0

Scientific explanation that connects and organizes existing observations and suggests fruitful paths for future research

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior’s are influenced by other people

Question 2

Sociocultural Perspective

Answer 2

The theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in influences form lager social groups

Question 3

Social Norm

Answer 3

A rule or expectation for appropriate social behavior

Question 4

Culture

Answer 4

The beliefs, customs, habits, and languages shared by the people living in a particular place and time

Question 5

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 5

A theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in the physical and psychological predispositions that helped our ancestors survive and reproduce

Question 6

Natural Selection

Answer 6

The process by which characteristics that help animals survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring

Question 7

Adaptation

Answer 7

A characteristic that is well designed to help an animal survive and reproduce in a particular environment

Question 8

Social Learning Perspective

Answer 8

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on past learning experiences as determinants of a person’s social behaviors

Question 9

Social Cognitive Perspective

Answer 9

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on the mental processes involved in paying attention to, interpreting, and remembering social experiences

Question 10

Person

Answer 10

Features of characteristics that individuals carry into social situations

Question 11

Situation

Answer 11

Environmental events or circumstances outside the person

Question 12

Hypothesis

Answer 12

A researcher’s prediction about what he/she will find

Question 13

Descriptive Method

Answer 13

Procedure for measuring or recording behaviors, thoughts, and feelings in their natural environment (including naturalistic observations, case studies, archival studies, surveys, and psychological tests)

Question 14

Experimental Method

Answer 14

Procedure for uncovering casual processes by systematically manipulating some aspect of illusion

Question 15

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 15

Recording everyday behaviors as they unfold in their natural settings

Question 16

Observer Bias

Answer 16

Error introduced in2 measurement when an observer overemphasizes behaviors he/she expects to find and fails notice behaviors he/she doesn’t expect

Question 17

Case Study

Answer 17

An intensive examination of an individual or group

Question 18

Generalizability

Answer 18

The extent to which the findings of a particular research study extend to other similar circumstances or cases

Question 19

Archival Method

Answer 19

Examination is systematic data collected for other purposes (such as marriages, licenses, or arrest records)

Question 20

Survey Method

Answer 20

A technique in which the researcher asks people to report on their beliefs, feelings, or behaviors

Question 21

Social Desirability Bias

Answer 21

The tendency for people to say what thy believe is appropriate or discussable

Question 22

Representative Sample

Answer 22

A group of respoondants having characteristics that match those of the later population the researcher wants to describe

Question 23

Psychological Test

Answer 23

Instrument for assessing a person’s abilities, cognitions, or motivations

Question 24

Reliability

Answer 24

The consistency of the score yielded by a psychological test

Question 25

Validity

Answer 25

The extent to which a test measures what it’s designed to measure

Question 26

Correlation

Answer 26

The extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another

Question 27

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 27

A mathematical expression of the relationship b/w two variables

Question 28

Experiment

Answer 28

A research method in which the researcher sets out to systematically manipulate one source of influence while holding others constant

Question 29

Independent Variable

Answer 29

The variable manipulated by the experimenter

Question 30

Dependent Variable

Answer 30

The variable measured by the experimenter

Question 31

Random Assignment

Answer 31

The practice of assigning participants to treatments so each person has an equal chance of being in any condition

Question 32

Internal Validity

Answer 32

The extent to which an experiment allows confident statements about cause and effect

Question 33

Confound

Answer 33

A variable that systematically hanged along with the independent variable, potentially leading to mistaken conclusion about the effect of the independent variable

Question 34

External Validity

Answer 34

The extent to which the results of an experiment can be generalized to other circumstances

Question 35

Demand Characteristics

Answer 35

Cue that makes participants aware of how the experimenter expects them to behave

Question 36

Field Experimentation

Answer 36

The manipulation of independent variables using unknowing participants in natural settings

Question 37

Debriefing

Answer 37

A discussion of procedures, hypotheses, & participant reactions at the completion of the study