Ch 2 Section 4 Flashcards by cali gregory

True or False: Warm air holds more water vapor than cold air.

True

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All clouds form when ______ ______ in the air becomes liquid water or _____ crystals.

water vapor

ice

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What is used to measure relative humidity?

A psychrometer

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What are the three classifications of clouds?

Cumulus
Stratus
Cirrus

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How are clouds classified?

By their altitude

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Each cloud is a part of a different kind of ______.

weather

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Cumulus also means:

Mass

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Stratus also means:

Spread out

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True or False: More water vapor means there is less humidity.

False. Means there is more humidity.

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True or False: Water is always moving between the atmosphere and Earth’s surface.

True

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True or false: During a rainstorm, the air feels dry.

False

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The movement of water between the atmosphere and Earth’s surface is called the ________ ________.

Water Cycle

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True or False: In the water cycle, water moves from lakes and oceans into the atmosphere and falls back to Earth.

True

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Water vapor enters the air by ________ from the oceans and other bodies of water.

evaporation

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The process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor is called:

Evaporation

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True or False: Water vapor is also added to the air by dead matter.

False.

It is added to the air by living things.

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Water enters the roots of _________, rises to the _________, and is released as water vapor.

plants

leaves

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As part of the water cycle, some of the water vapor in the atmosphere condenses to form _______.

Clouds

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______ and other forms precipitation fall from the clouds toward the surface.

Rain

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The water then runs off the _______, or moves through the _______, back into the oceans, lakes, and streams.

surface

ground

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________ is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.

Humidity

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The percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold is called the ________ ________.

Relative Humidity

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The amount of water vapor that the air can hold depends on its _________.

Temperature

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________ air can hold more water vapor than _______ air.

Warm

Cool

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Evaporation of moisture from your skin removes ____ and helps to keep your body's temperature comfortable.

heat

Do you feel less or more comfortable on a hot day if the relative humidity is high?

LESS

True or False: When the relative humidity is high, evaporation slows down.

True

Since evaporation slows down when relative humidity is high, what effect does it have on your body?

Less cooling effect

A _______ is used to measure relative humidity

Psychrometer

A psychrometer has two _______, a _____-bulb and a dry-bulb ________.

Thermometers | thermometer

The bulb of the wet-bulb thermometer has a cloth covering that is moistened with _____. Then, ____ is then blown over both thermometers.

water | air

Because the wet-bulb thermometer is cooled by evaporation, its reading ________ _____ that of the dry-bulb thermometer.

drops below

If the relative humidity is high, the ________ on the wet-bulb will evaporate (slowly/quickly) and the wet-bulb temperature will not ____ much.

water slowly change

If the relative humidity is low, the water on the wet bulb will evaporate (slowly/rapidly) and the wet-bulb temperature will (drop/increase).

rapidly | drop

What is the difference between humidity and relative humidity?

Humidity is the measure of the amount of water vapor in the air. The percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold is called the relative humidity.

The process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid air is called...

Condensation

The temperature at which condensation begins is called the _____ ______.

dew point.

If the dew point is below the freezing point, the water vapor may change directly into ____ ______.

ice crystals

When you look at a cloud, you are seeing millions of tiny _____ crystals or ______ droplets.

ice | water

For water vapor to condense, tiny particles must be present so the water has a surface on which to _______. Most of these particles are _____ crystals, _____ from soil, and _____.

condense salt dust smoke

______ is ice that has been deposited directly from the air onto a cold surface.

Frost

______ form whenever air is ____ to its dew point and ______ are present.

Clouds cooled particles

If air is warmed near the ground, it becomes (more/less) dense and (rises/falls) in a ______ current.

less rises convection

When rising air expands and becomes _____, clouds may form.

cooler

When wind strikes the side of a hill or mountain, the air is forced (upward/downward).

upward

As air rises along the slope of a hill or mountain what happens to the temperature of the air?

It cools

Rain or snow falls on the windward side of the mountain, also known as the side (facing/opposite) the on-coming wind.

facing

By the time air moves up the mountain and drops toward the other side of the mountain, it has lost much of its ____ ____. The air is then ____ and ____.

water vapor cool dry

The leeward side of the mountain is also known as ______ and is in a rain _____.

downwind | shadow

Just as very little light falls in a sun shadow, very little _____ falls in a rain _____.

rain | shadow

True or False: Air loses its water vapor while crossing the mountains.

True

True or False: Air has grown warmer while flowing down the mountainside.

True

On the leeward side of the mountain, the warm, dry air often creates a ______.

Desert

Meteorologists classify clouds into three main types. What are they called?

Cumulus Stratus Cirrus

Clouds that look fluffy, rounded piles of cotton are called:

Cumulus Clouds

The word cumulus means _____ or _____.

heap | mass

Cumulus clouds form less than ____ km above the ground but may grown in size and height until they extend upward as much as ____km.

2 | 18

True or False: Cumulus clouds usually indicate stormy weather.

False. Indicate Fair Weather!

Towering clouds with flat tops are also called _________ ______ and often produce thunderstorms.

Cumulonimbus Clouds

Nimbus comes from the Latin word meaning ____.

Rain

Clouds that form flat layers are called _____ _____.

Stratus Clouds

Strato means:

Spread out

Water vapor enters the air through what:

Evaporation

_______ clouds usually cover all or most of the sky.

Stratus

As stratus clouds thinken, they may produce_____, ______, or _____.

rain drizzle snow

Thickened Stratus Clouds are also called ____ ____.

Nimbostratus Clouds

Whispery, feathery clouds are called _____ ____.

Cirrus Clouds

Cirrus clouds form at (high/low) levels, above about ___ km where temperatures are very low. Cirrus clouds are made mostly of ____ _____.

high 6 ice crystals

Three types of Cirrus Clouds:

Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus

A cloud that is also known as a thunderhead:

Cumulonimbus

Cirrus clouds that have feathery "hooked" ends are sometimes called _____ ____.

mare's tails.

Cirrocumulus clouds, which look like rows of _____ balls, often indicate that a ___ is on its way.

cotton | storm

Clouds that form between 2 and 6 km above the Earth's surface have the prefix ____, which means high.

alto

Two main types of alto clouds are:

Altocumulus | Altostratus

Clouds that form at or near the ground are called ____.

Fog

Fog often forms when the ground ____ at night after a warm, humid day.

cools

When fog forms, the ground ____ the air just above the ground to the air's dew point. The next day the heat of the morning sun ______ the fog off as its water droplets evaporate.

cools | "burns"