Ch. 2 OO Flashcards
_______ is one of the main research options available to people want to do psychological research
Experiment
Traditional Chinese medicine is more inclusive of _____ _____ ______ ____ _____ ____ than is orthodox western medicine.
Behavior, psychological states, emotions, spirituality, relationships, and livelihood
The practices of astronomy physics chemistry and biology normally fell to evil these controversies over fundamentals that are endemic among psychologists why?
Social sciences involve research into areas that involve”grey” subject matter that is typically difficult to measure.
What is a split brain patient
One whose nerves connecting each side of the brain had been cut
The left hemisphere has been thought to be predominately involved with ____ ____
Analytical processes
The left brain appears to process input in a ____ __
Sequential manner
The right hemisphere is for certain ___ ___ a ___ ___, and processes information _______ and ______
Skills and musical abilities. Simultaneously. holistically
Right hemisphere has a highly developed ____ _____
Oppositional capacity
The term “oppositional” implies a capacity for _____
Posing or comparing perceptions schemas and engrams
Define paradigm according to Kuhn.
Thomas Kuhn Paradigm
____ _____ “the structure of scientific resolutions” introduces us to the concept of the _____.
Thomas Kuhn Paradigm
A paradigm once established is not ___ ___
Quickly changed
A paradigm is a _____ _____ and _____ shared by a scientific community and used by the community to define legitimate problems
Collection of achievements, concepts, and techniques
A formerly a sociological perspective, is just now beginning to filter into the realm of science of psychology. What is this perspective called?
Sociocultural perspective
Maslow, says science itself is unaware that it is a product of what?
Time and place and local culture.
For placebos to work what is required?
Consciousness.
What is often used in the control group of a drug study?
Placebos
Acupuncture has been in continuous use in Asia for at least _____ years as one treatment method
2300
Kuhn points out that the process of discovery begins with the awareness of an a what?
Anomaly
Paracelsus a renaissance physician and founder of modern chemistry credited his understanding of science to what?
“wise-woman”
Name the two research methodologies that have dominated the psychology field for the first 100 years.
The positivist/empirical approach & the constructionist phenomenological approach
Which of the two early methodologies furthered by Lukoff would be most compatible with the quantitative method of research?
Constructivist\phenomenological
Which experimental method i the best to solve problems on the biological level?
Drug testing
What method of research can get psychologists of different perspectives use to bridge the gap among them?
Mixed methodology
What does the qualitative format offer that the quantitative does not?
Levels of depth that are not obtainable in the quantitative.
If a researcher has only academic knowledge about a particular culture, which method of research would be most advantageous?
A qualitative open ended questionnaire. Because the researcher is learning from those well-versed in the culture about the individuals being studied.
What is positivism?
A system of thinking that bases knowledge solely on observable facts and rejects speculation.
Ontological axiom of positivism.
There is a single reality.
Epistemological axiom of positivism.
The knower and the known are independent
Axiological axiom of positivism.
Inquiry is value free
Axioms of generalizations of positivism.
Time–and context– free generalizations are impossible
What do positivists believe about casual linkages
Positivists believe that there are real causes that are temporarily president to four simultaneous with effects
In the euro american tradition, psychology belongs to that branch of philosophy closes to ethics and theology until when?
The mid 19th century.
Experimental psychology was an invention of which german 19th-century psychologist?
Wilhelm Wundt
Much of Wundt’s work became what is known as sensation and perception research. What was this method called?
The experimental design
In quantitative research what kind of questions are asked
Yes or no questions.
Which methods are more appropriate for the use of research involving attachment oriented relationships.
Qualitative methods
Which method involves numerical data
Quantitative methods
_____ ______ is a central method of psychology that is applied in many fields
Experimental design
Experimentation is always been of greatest use in those psychological problems in which _____ ____ ____
Physical variables dominate
The effectiveness of an experiment has two main bases. What are they?
Experimental components and experimental validity
The independent variable is the variable that the____ ____
Researcher manipulates
This variable is predicted to have a casual effect on the relevant outcome measured. It is also known as the ____ ____
Independent variable
The dependent variable is always the result is forthcoming from the____ ___
Independent variable
A way of formulating a question and then coming up with a statement. This is also known as an educated guess.
Hypothesis
This means that there will be no difference between groups after a particular treatment is completed
Null hypothesis
That is defined by measurement and observation.
Empirical evidence
What does tat stand for?
Thematic apperception test
What is a rival hypothesis?
It states that the population parameter is different than the value of the population parameter in the null hypothesis.
What does sampling in an experiment attempt to do?
Make particular selections stand for the general population.
What should a person conducting a study be sure to do when subjects are picked?
They must be selected to accurately represent the entire population of study
What code was the first internationally recognized code of ethics regarding research on humans?
The nuremberg code
What is it called when the subjects of an experiment cannot be randomly assigned roles in the experiment?
Quasi experimental design
The technical term for unintentionally manipulating variables.
Confounding variables/compound/extraneous variables
Scientism
Science worshiped as a religion
What method of study does the case study fall under?
Qualitative
