Ch. 2 Health Demography

Question 1

Define demography:

Answer 1

Quantitative scientific study of human populations,
including its size, distribution, composition and the factors
that determine changes in its size, distribution and
composition.

Question 2

Define population:

Answer 2

All the inhabitants of a country, territory or geographic
area, in total or by sex and/or age groups, at a specific
point of time.

Question 3

Demography focuses on: (5)

Answer 3

(1) size
(2) distribution
(3) composition
(4) population dynamics
(5) socioeconomic determinants and
consequences of population change

Question 4

What are the different classifications of demography? (2)

Answer 4

• static demography

- dynamic demography

Question 5

Define static demography:

Answer 5

Study at a given moment of the size, structure and general

characteristics of the population of a given territorial area.

Question 6

What are the data sources for static demography? (3)

Answer 6

• Census
• Registers (civil registration)
• Surveys

Question 7

Which type of demography is one of the basic and easy

descriptive tools?

Answer 7

Static demography - population pyramids

Question 8

What is the vertical axis on population pyramids?

Answer 8

corresponds to the

age.

Question 9

What is the horizontal axis on population pyramids?

Answer 9

corresponds to the
percentage (or
number) of
inhabitants

Question 10

What happens if you rotate the population pyramid?

Answer 10

you can see
the values ​as a bar
chart

Question 11

What are the three basic morphologies of population pyramids?

Answer 11

1.- A pyramid or pagoda: young populations
with high birthrate
2.- Bell-shaped: stationary population
3.- Bulb-shaped or piggy bank: regressive
populations with low birth rates.

Question 12

What does a bell-shaped population pyramid suggest?

Answer 12

stationary population

Question 13

What does a pyramid/pagodal-shaped population pyramid suggest?

Answer 13

young populations with high birthrate

Question 14

What does a bulb-shaped / piggy bank population pyramid suggest?

Answer 14

regressive

populations with low birth rates.

Question 15

What is another name for a pyramid shaped population pyramid?

Answer 15

pagoda

Question 16

What is another name for a bulb-shaped population pyramid?

Answer 16

piggy bank

Question 17

What is the dependency ratio?

Answer 17

It is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor
force (the dependent part) and those typically in the labor
force (the productive part)

Question 18

What is the dependent part of the dependency ratio?

Answer 18

youth <15 years & adults >65 years

Question 19

What is the productive part of the dependency ratio?

Answer 19

ages 15-64

Question 20

Define dynamic demography

Answer 20

Study of CHANGES in the size, structure and geographic

distribution of populations.

Question 21

What regulates dynamic demography (3)

Answer 21

• Natality. Birth statistics
• Mortality. Death statistics
• Migratory movements. Immigration and emigration

Question 22

What is the purpose of dynamic demography? (2)

Answer 22

• Allows future population projections.

- It is a basic tool for health planning and programming.

Question 23

Crude birth rate is calculated for _______ demography

Answer 23

dynamic

Question 24

Fertility rate is calculated for _____ demography

Answer 24

dynamic

Question 25

dependency ratio is calculated for _______ demography

Answer 25

static

Question 26

What factors influence birth and fertility rate (3)

Answer 26

1. - Number of women of childbearing age 2. - Age first pregnancy 3. - Economic, social, cultural and religious

Question 27

Define total fertility rate

Answer 27

number of children that would be born to a woman if she were alive at the end of her childbearing period and bearing children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates

Question 28

What is the other term for total fertility rate?

Answer 28

average number of children per woman

Question 29

What does the swaroop index indicate?

Answer 29

The higher the level of health of a population the closer to 100%

Question 30

define Postneonatal mortality rate

Answer 30

> 1 month and <1 year old

Question 31

define Early neonatal mortality rate

Answer 31

first week

Question 32

define Late neonatal mortality rate

Answer 32

2nd, 3rd, 4th week

Question 33

define Prenatal mortality rate

Answer 33

fetal deaths

Question 34

define Maternal mortality

Answer 34

maternal deaths –pregnancy and childbirth per | 100,000 live births in same time period

Question 35

How many phases of demographic transition are there?

Answer 35

4 phases

Question 36

What is phase one of the demographic transition?

Answer 36

- High birth rate - fluctuating death rate - ex. afghanistan, uganda, zambia

Question 37

What is phase two of the demographic transition?

Answer 37

declining birth and death rates | ex. ghana, guatemala, iraq

Question 38

What is phase three of the demographic transition?

Answer 38

birthrate approaching replacement (2.1) | ex. india, gabon, malaysia

Question 39

What is phase four of the demographic transition?

Answer 39

- low to very low birth rate - very low death rate - ex. brazil, germany, japan

Question 40

Why are causes of death important?

Answer 40

establish prevention priorities

Question 41

What is the first external cause of deaths?

Answer 41

suicide

Question 42

leading cause of death related with cancer is ____ (2) for men and ______ women....

Answer 42

men: lung&bronchus women: breast

Question 43

Define avoidable mortality (2)

Answer 43

The study of causes of death in each age group lead us to know: • Unnecessarily premature and sanitary avoidable mortality. • Potential years of life lost: DALYs

Question 44

define life expectancy at birth

Answer 44

Average number of future life years

Question 45

What does life expectancy at birth indicate?

Answer 45

health of a population