Ch 2: Ethics and Multicultural Competence Flashcards
Ethics
Definition
A system of moral principles guiding professional conduct.
What are the key aspects of ethics in counselling?
Ethics define “dos and don’ts” in counseling.
Governed by professional standards.
- Ex: “Do no harm.”
What are the key ethical standards? (5)
1) Maintain confidentiality
2) Recognize your limitations
3) Seek consultation when needed
4) Be aware of cultural differences
5) Follow the Golden & Platinum Rules
What are the Golden & Platinum Rules?
Golden Rule: Treat others as YOU want to be treated.
Platinum Rule: Treat others as THEY want to be treated.
What’s the difference b/w ethics & morals? Why does it matter?
Ethics: Professional guidelines for behavior.
Morals: Personal beliefs about right and wrong.
Why It Matters:
- Ethical behavior builds client trust.
- Clients reflect on their own ethical decisions
Multicultural
Competence is based on what? (AKSA)
AWARENESS
- Be aware of your own assumptions, values, and biases.
- RESPECTFUL model
KNOWLEDGE (worldview)
- Understand the worldview of the culturally different client
SKILLS & ACTION
- Helping clients recognize their strengths and resources provides a basis for solving their issues, but do not deny clients’ concerns.
Why is multicultural competence important?
Multicultural competence is essential for building trust.
Clients’ unique backgrounds shape their experiences
What are the key dimensions of the RESPECTFUL Model?
Religion/Spirituality
Economic/Class Background
Sexual Identity
Personal Style & Education
Ethnic/Racial Identity
Chronological/Lifespan Status
Trauma/Crisis
Family Background/History
Unique Physical Characteristics
Location of Residence/Language Models
What does the RESPECTFUL model enable us to do?
The model enables us to identify the past and present voices that affect our own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
It enable us to discover the multiple voices our clients bring to us
What is the definition of intergenerational trauma?
Trauma from severe abusive treatment passed through generations.
What are the effects of intergenerational trauma?
Increased depression, anxiety, & physical health issues.
Loss of cultural identity & pride.
What is the counselling approach to intergenerational trauma?
Build resilience.
Focus on cultural strengths.
What is the definition of privilege?
Unearned advantage due to cultural assumptions.
What is a counsellors role in situations of privilege and stereotyping?
Teach clients about privilege & oppression.
Avoid stereotyping cultural identities.
What are the types of stress? (3)
Positive Stress: Short-lived, helps adaptation.
Tolerable Stress: Serious but manageable with support.
Toxic Stress: Long-term, damaging to brain development.
How does stress impact the brain?
Amygdala: Overactivated & expands → Chronic fear response.
Prefrontal Cortex: Underactivated & blood drains away → Poor decision-making.
Cortisol: High levels impair thinking & concentration.
What are the effects of childhood trauma on the brain?
Shrinks brain
Affects neural pathways.
Affects cognition, language, & emotional regulation
As an SSW, what are some treatment strategies for combating the effects of childhood trauma? (4)
Grounding skills.
Emotional regulation.
Mindfulness
Supportive relationships
What are microaggressions?
Everyday verbal or behavioral slights that harm marginalized groups.
What are the effects of microaggressions?
Racial battle fatigue → Mental & physical health issues.
What is racial battle fatigue?
Describes the physical, mental, and emotional stress of coping with the constant stream of microaggressions and overt racism for People of Color
As a SSW how can we help those dealing with microaggressions?
Advocacy for clients.
Teaching awareness & empowerment.
What is resilience?
Ability to recover from trauma.
What is a soul wound?
Indigenous ideas about historical trauma involve the understanding that the trauma occurs in the soul or spirit
What are the results of a soul wound? (Ex: life circumstances)
poverty, racism, poor medical attention, a shorter life span, and loss of awareness of cultural heritage and spirituality over the centuries.
What are the 5 soul wounds?
o Rejection
o Abandonment
o Humiliation
o Betrayal
o Injustice
The result of severe trauma may be Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. What interventions can we take?
CBT and Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TFCBT).
Microcounseling’s listening skills are essential in CBT and virtually all methods (e.g., motivational interviewing, interpersonal therapy).
What are the counselling interventions to build resilience?
Highlight strengths & success stories.
Set action-oriented goals.
Encourage optimism.
What is positive psychology?
aims to increase both resilience and optimism
What are the key aspects of positive psychology?
Optimism & resilience
How can we as SSW promote positive psychology?
Help clients discover and rediscover their strengths. Find strengths and positive assets in clients and in their support systems.
Identify multiple dimensions of wellness.
In addition to listening, actively encourage clients to learn new actions that will increase their resilience
Advocate
What are Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLCs)?
a set of lifestyle changes that can help improve health and well-being
What are some key wellness areas for TLCs?
1) Physical exercise
2) Social connections
3) Sleep & relaxation
4) Cultural identity & pride
5) Limiting screen time
6) Healthy coping habits
