Ch 1: Intro to intentional interviewing Flashcards
What is interviewing?
Interviewing is the process used for gathering data, providing information, suggesting alternatives, and resolving concerns.
True or false: Interviewing is used in early phases of counseling and psychotherapy and it is closely related to coaching
True
It’s common in many settings
How is coaching defined?
Coaching is a short to medium-term, professional, collaborative relationship focused on:
- Identifying and utilizing personal strengths
- Enhancing positive states, traits, and behavior
What is counseling?
Counseling is an intensive and personal process aimed at:
- Listening and understanding life challenges
- Developing strategies for change and growth
True or false: Counselling is important in fields like medical, clinical, and social work
True
What is psychotherapy?
Psychotherapy focuses on deep-seated difficulties requiring more time for resolution.
True or false: psychotherapy involves many skills from interviewing and counseling
True
Who is psychotherapy conducted by and what does it include?
Conducted by psychiatrists, psychologists, clinical counselors, and social workers
Includes talk therapy and sometimes medication
What are the similarities among interviewing, counseling, and psychotherapy?
All aim to help clients address challenges
Interviewing is part of counseling and psychotherapy
What are the differences among interviewing, counseling, and psychotherapy?
Interviewing is the data-gathering step
Counseling focuses on understanding life challenges and fostering growth
Psychotherapy addresses deeper psychological issues, often with longer timelines
Who typically conducts most helping sessions (interviewing, counselling and psychotherapy)?
Interviewing is often conducted by various professionals
Counseling is conducted by social workers, medical professionals, and clinical counselors
Psychotherapy is primarily conducted by psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, counseling psychologists, and clinical social work
How is counseling and psychotherapy considered a science?
Involves theories, skills, and strategies that are learned
Based on research and structured approaches to helping clients
How is counseling and psychotherapy considered an art?
Involves listening and providing meaning to the helping relationship
Each session is unique, as it combines learned theories with personal experience
How do counseling and psychotherapy combine science and art?
Use learned theories and strategies while adapting to real-life situations
The counselor brings their own life experiences and interpersonal relationships into the process
What is intentionality in counseling and psychotherapy?
The ability to be in the moment and respond flexibly to clients’ changing needs
Avoid “patch-up” advice and be mindful of appropriateness
Flexibility is key for effective helping
What is cultural intentionality?
Acting with capability and flexibility, choosing from a range of actions based on clients’ cultural backgrounds
Being aware that different people from diverse backgrounds respond uniquely
Responding flexibly and learning new ways of being with clients
How can a counselor practice cultural intentionality?
Adapt actions, thoughts, and behaviors to fit the needs of diverse clients
If a helping skill doesn’t work, try a different approach
Be aware of cultural context and respect diversity in the therapeutic process
What is cultural humility and why is it important?
Practicing self-reflection, self-awareness, and valuing clients’ expertise about their cultural context
Dedication to lifelong learning and openness to learning from clients
Understanding both your own cultural context and the client’s
Why is flexibility important in counseling and psychotherapy?
Flexibility allows counselors to respond effectively to clients’ diverse needs
It’s based on solid knowledge, awareness, and skills
Helps in creating culturally intentional actions for clients’ unique situations
Why is understanding a client’s uniqueness crucial in counseling and psychotherapy?
Failing to understand a client’s unique background and perspective can hinder building rapport and understanding their issues
Awareness of diversity and cultural differences is essential for effective therapy
What are the key goals of counseling and psychotherapy?
- Self-actualization
- Resilience
- Advocacy and resolution of client issues (trauma, mental disorders)
What is self-actualization in counseling and psychotherapy?
The process of actualizing one’s potential and expressing all the capacities of the organism
Growth-motivated, not deficiency-motivated
Belief in people overcoming challenges and taking charge of their lives
What is advocacy?
The importance of giving back to others and society
True or false: in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs self-actualization is at the top
True
What role does resilience play in counseling and psychotherapy?
Goal: Help clients “bounce back” and recover from life challenges, including trauma
Aim: Equip clients to handle future difficulties and enhance self-competence
How does counselling help clients in regards to resilience
Counseling helps clients learn from adversity, tragedy, and trauma, building long-term resilience
Teach self-healing to resolve future issues independently
What is advocacy in the context of counseling and psychotherapy?
Helping clients build resilience and self-actualization in relation to others and their environment
Encouraging the client to give back to their community and society
Advocacy involves supporting clients’ growth and well-being in a societal context
How does neuroscience relate to counseling and psychotherapy?
The mind deeply influences the body; therapy can rewire the brain
Pre-frontal cortex is key for self-regulation and emotional regulation
- Executive function: Includes memory, flexible thinking, and self-control
- Emotional regulation: Managing one’s emotions and helping others regulate theirs
True or false: Therapy utilizes neuroplasticity, which enables the brain to form new neural connections
True
What is neuroplasticity?
The brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections
How does neuroplasticity affect counseling?
Counseling can lead to positive changes in brain function and help heal from stress and trauma
Negative plasticity: Stress can damage the brain, reducing neural connections
How can brain function be monitored?
fMRI: Used to observe and change brain activity during therapy (e.g., rtfMRI-NF for treating disorders like depression)
True or false: 80% of medical issues involve the brain and stress
True
True or false: stress can lead to damage & loss of neurons in the brain
True
What are some effective ways to deal with stress?
Stress management and therapeutic lifestyle changes are effective routes toward both mental and physical health and are necessary regardless of your counseling style or chosen theoretical approach.
True or false: Stress management is crucial for mental and physical health
True
Therapeutic lifestyle changes can improve resilience and brain function
Where can counseling and psychotherapy take place?
Formal settings: Offices, clinics
Informal settings: Client’s home, coffee shop, parks, youth organizations, homeless shelters, schools, courts
Street counselors work directly in communities
Cultural diversity should be considered and incorporated in all settings
What are the pros of remote counseling?
Accessible via platforms like Zoom, Skype, etc.
Studies show it can be as effective as in-person therapy for many issues
Evidence-based treatments like CBT can be delivered virtually
What are the cons of remote counseling?
Not everyone has internet access or a private space for sessions
Some clients with severe mental disorders may struggle with this format
Nonverbal cues and confidentiality may be compromised
