Ch. 2 Chemical Level of Organization Flashcards
What elements make up about 96% of body mass?
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen
Atomic number is equal to the number of ___ in an atoms nucleus
Protons
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its ___ and ___
Protons and neutrons
A compound is a molecule that contains __ or more different elements
2
When atoms gain electrons, they become negatively charged ___
Anions
When atoms lose electrons, they become positively charged ___
Cations
Oppositely charged atoms can form a ___ bond
Ionic
A ___ bond forms between atoms that share one, two, or three pairs of valence electrons
Covalent
All of the chemical reactions of the body are collectively referred to as ___
Metabolism
Inorganic compounds are structurally simple and lack ___
Carbon
Examples of inorganic compounds include
Water
Salts
Acids
Bases
___ reactions in the body involve the breakdown of large nutrient molecules into smaller molecules by the addition of water.
Hydrolysis
___ systems in body fluids convert strong acids or bases into weak acids or bases
Buffer
The ___ ___-____ buffer system functions in the homeostasis of blood pH, which has a normal range of 7.35 to 7.45
Carbonic acid-bicarbonate
The three major groups of ___ are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
Carbohydrates
