Ch. 1 Intro To Human Body Flashcards
The science of body structures and their relationships
Anatomy
The science of body functions
Physiology
The six structural levels of body organization from smallest to largest:
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ System Organismal
Four basic types of tissue are:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
The human body contains ___ systems
11
Catabolism
The breaking down of large chemical compounds to smaller ones
Anabolism
The building of large compounds from smaller ones
____ is the maintenance of relatively stable internal body conditions despite changes that occur inside and outside of cells
Homeostasis
The fluid inside cells is ___ fluid, and the fluid outside of cells is ___ fluid
Intracellular / extracellular
Interstitial fluid, lymph, blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovial fluid are what type of fluids?
Extracellular fluid
The principal regulatory systems, ____ and ____, work to provide corrective measures to achieve homeostasis and restore balance back to the body’s internal environment.
Nervous system / endocrine system
A ____ ____ is a cycle of events that monitor, evaluate, and change disruptions to a controlled condition in the body.
Feedback system
Three components comprise a feedback system:
A receptor, a control center, and an effector
Responses that reverse the original stimulus involve ___ feedback.
Responses that intensify the original stimulus involve ___ feedback
Negative
Positive
A ___ is an abnormality of structure and/or function
Disorder
A ___ refers to an illness accompanied by a set of clinically observable, measurable changes called signs, and subjective changes experienced by a patient called symptoms.
Disease
Anatomical position
Body is erect, head and feet facing forward, arms at sides with palms forward
Prone position
Lying face down
Supine position
Lying face up
Sagittal plane
Divides body or organ into right and left sections
Called midsagittal (median) when plane runs through midline resulting in equal sides
Frontal (coronal) plane
Divides body or organ into front and back sections
Transverse (horizontal) plane
Results in upper and lower sections
What region of the abdominopelvic cavity contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine?
Superior abdominal cavity
The diaphragm separates the superior ___ cavity and the inferior ___ cavity
Thoracic / abdominopelvic
