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Psych 101 > Ch 2 > Flashcards

Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Receive chemical information from other neurons

A

Dendrites

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2
Q

Takes an all information from neurotransmitters and tells us the cell what to do

A

Cell body/soma

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3
Q

Travels the signal through

A

Axon

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4
Q

Helps signal move faster

A

Myelin sheath

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5
Q

Release neurotransmitters into synaptic gap

A

Terminal buttons/axon terminals

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6
Q

Gap in between the neurons that don’t touch

A

Synaptic gap

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7
Q

What are the three steps to the action potential process

A

Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization

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8
Q

Neuron going up firing up

A

Depolarization

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9
Q

Says neuron has passed/going down

A

Repolarization

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10
Q

Rest. For the neuron/going back to normal

A

Hyperpolarization

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11
Q

Describe the neurotransmitter process

A
  1. Dendrites receive chemical information from neurotransmitters from other neurons
  2. Cell body/soma integrate information from the neurotransmitters
  3. If fired, an electrical impulse goes through the axon. Signal travels faster from the Mylan sheath through Salatory conduction
  4. Signal researches axon terminal’s or terminal buttons at end of the neuron, which releases neurotransmitters into synaptic gap
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12
Q

Communication with a neuron is blank, communication between neurons is blank

A

Electrical, chemical

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13
Q

Involved in learning and memory and muscle movement, Alzheimer’s patients have low levels of this

A

Acetylcholine

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14
Q

Impacts arousal and Mood states thought process and physical movement, Parkinson’s patients have low levels of this, deals with drug addiction

A

Dopamine

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15
Q

Involved in levels of arousal and the dude, eating, and sleep, play a major part in mood disorders such as depression

A

Serotonin/norepinephrine

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16
Q

Main inhibitory transmitter, keeps the brain from overloading and becoming too aroused

A

GABA

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17
Q

Main excitatory neurotransmitter, keeps your brain aroused, low levels can result in coma, high levels can result in strokes of overstimulation

A

Glutamate

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18
Q

Involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure, or natural painkillers to body

A

Endorphins

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19
Q

What are the three categories of drugs

A

Stimulant, depressant, hallucinogen

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20
Q

Drugs and neurotransmitters elevate arousal and stimulate us

A

Stimulant

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21
Q

Drugs that inhibit and slow down the central nervous system

A

Depressant

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22
Q

Drugs that induced hallucinations

A

Hallucinogen

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23
Q

What are the two branches of the nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system

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24
Q

The central nervous system deals with what

A

Brain and spinal cord

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25
Q

Peripheral nervous system deals with what

A

Somatic nervous system/voluntary skeletal muscles and autonomic nervous system/involuntary muscles (organs)

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26
Q

What are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

Parasympathetic/rest and digest and sympathetic/fight or flight

27
Q

What are the three types of neurons

A

Interneuron, sensory neurons, motor neurons

28
Q

Only seen in the CNS, communicates between the motor and sensory neurons

A

Interneuron

29
Q

Carries information from our senses to the CNS

A

Sensory neurons

30
Q

Carries information from the CNS out to the rest of the body

A

Motor neurons

31
Q

Blank are the support system and the nervous system While blank are responsible for receiving sending integrating information into the nervous system

A

Glial cells, neurons

32
Q

Area of the brain that controls speech production

A

Brocas area

33
Q

Area of the brain that controls the speech comprehension

A

Wernickes area

34
Q

Higher thinking, making decisions

A

Frontal lobe

35
Q

Process sensory information

A

Parietal lobe

36
Q

Processes auditory information

A

Temporal lobe

37
Q

Processes visual information

A

Occipital lobe

38
Q

Involves major body functions like heartbeat and breathing blood pressure/old part of brain

A

Medulla

39
Q

Involved and sleep and dreaming/old part of brain

A

Pons

40
Q

Involved and coordination of movement, balance and motor learning/older part of brain

A

Cerebellum

41
Q

Where all sensory information except smell go

A

Thalamus

42
Q

Involved in starting and executing motor movements

A

Basal ganglia

43
Q

Involving in regulating basic drives like eating drinking and sex

A

Hypothalamus

44
Q

Involved information of memories

A

Hippocampus

45
Q

Involved with emotions and our fight or flight response

A

amygdala

46
Q

The brains ability to adapt and change

A

Plasticity

47
Q

When the corpus callosum is severed so the two hemispheres can’t communicate together is used to stop extreme epilepsy

A

Split brain surgery

48
Q

Respond to stimulus to interpret behavior as emotion

A

James Lange theory

49
Q

Physiological, emotions, and responses occur at the same time

A

Cannon Bard theory

50
Q

Response then cognitively evaluate response than label emotion

A

Sehater-singers 2 factor theory

51
Q

Emotion then response

A

Commonsense theory

52
Q

High frequency wavelength, paralysis, sexual arousal, dreaming, and rapid eye movement

A

REM sleep

53
Q

The distributive effect of new learning on the retrieval of old information

A

Retroactive interference

54
Q

The visual sensory register that holds an exact copy of the incoming visual input but only for a very brief period of time less than a second

A

Iconic memory

55
Q

A meaningful unit in memory

A

Chunk

56
Q

Long term memory for factual knowledge and personal experiences that requires a conscious effort to remember and that entails making declarations about the information remembered

A

Explicit memory

57
Q

The inability to form new explicit long-term memories for events following surgery or trauma to the brain

A

Anterograde amnesia

58
Q

A type of rehearsal and short term memory and which incoming information as related to information from long-term memory to encode it into long-term memory

A

Elaborative rehearsal

59
Q

Superior long-term memory for space to study versus mass study

A

Spacing effect

60
Q

Frameworks of knowledge about people objects events and actions that allow us to organize and interpret information about our world

A

Schemas

61
Q

Explicit memory of personal experiences

A

Episodic memory

62
Q

A theory of forgetting that proposes that forgetting is due to the unavailability of the retrieval cues necessary to locate the information in long-term memory

A

Cue dependent theory

63
Q

An experimental procedure in which following the brief presentation of a matrix of unrelated consonants that participate is given an auditory cue about which row of the matrix to recall

A

Sperling’s partial report procedure

64
Q

Our inability as adults to remember events that occurred in our lives before about three years of age

A

A memory task in which the participant is given a series of items when I have time and then has to recalled items in order in which they were presented

Psych 101 (4 decks)

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