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I/o test 1 > Ch 2 > Flashcards

Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Macro research

A

The study of collective behavior

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2
Q

Meso research

A

The study of the interaction of individual and collective behavior

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3
Q

Meta-analysis

A

Statistical method for combining and analyzing the results from many studies to draw a general conclusion about relationships among variables

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4
Q

Statistical artifacts

A

Characteristics of a particular study that distorts the observed results. Researchers can correct for artifacts to arrive at a statistic that represent the true relationship between the variables of interest

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5
Q

What are examples of statistical artifacts characteristics?

A

Examples are small sample size and unreliable measures

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6
Q

Multiple correlation coefficient

A

Statistic that represents the overall linear association between several variables (cognitive ability, personality, experience) on one hand and a single variable (job performance) on the other hand

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7
Q

Micro research

A

The study of individual behavior

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8
Q

Science

A

Approach that involves the understanding, prediction, and control of some phenomenon of interest

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9
Q

Hypothesis

A

Prediction about relationships among variables of interest

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10
Q

Disinteredness

A

Characteristic of scientist who should be objective and uninfluenced by bias or prejudice when conducting research

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11
Q

Expert witness

A

Witness in a lawsuit who is permitted to voice opinions about organizational practices

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12
Q

Research design

A

Provides the overall structure or architecture for the research study. Allows investigators to conduct scientific research on a phenomenon of interest

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13
Q

Experimental design

A

Participants are randomly assigned to different conditions

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14
Q

Quasi experimental design

A

Participants are assigned to different conditions but random assignment to conditions is not possible

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15
Q

Non experimental design

A

Does not include any treatment or assignment to different conditions

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16
Q

Observational design

A

The researcher observes employee behavior and systematically records what is observed

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17
Q

Survey design

A

Research strategy in which participants are asked to complete a questionnaire or survey

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18
Q

Quantative methods

A

Rely on test, rating scales, questionnaires, and psychological measures and yield numerical results

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19
Q

Qualitative methods

A

Rely on observations, interviews, case studies, and analysis of diaries or written documents and produce flow diagrams and narrative descriptions of events or processes

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20
Q

Triangulation

A

Approach in which researchers seek converging information from different sources

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21
Q

Generalize

A

To apply the results from one study or sample to other participants or situations

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22
Q

Experimental control

A

Characteristic of research in which possible confounding influences that might make result less reliable or harder to interpret are eliminated, often easier to establish in laboratory studies then and field studies

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23
Q

Statistical control

A

Using statistical techniques to control for the influence of certain variables. Such control allows researchers to concentrate is actively on the primary relationships of interest.

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24
Q

Descriptive statistic

A

Statistics that summarize, organize, and describe a sample of data

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25
Q

Measure of central tendency

A

Statistic that indicates where the center of a distribution is located. Mean median and mode are measures of central tendency

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26
Q

Variability

A

The extent to which scores in a distribution very

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27
Q

Skew

A

Where scores in a distribution tend to fall on the left or right side of the distribution

28
Q

Inferential statistics

A

Statistics used to aid the researcher in testing hypotheses in making inferences from sample data to a larger sample or population

29
Q

Statistical significance

A

Indicates that the probability of the observed statistic is less than the stated significance level adopted by the researcher.

30
Q

Statistical power

A

The likelihood of finding a statistically significant difference when a true difference exist

31
Q

Measurement

A

Assigning numbers two characteristics of individuals or objects according to rules

32
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

Statistic assessing the linear association between two variables. Provides information about magnitude and direction of the relationship

33
Q

Regression line

A

Straight line that best fits the scatterplot and describes the relationship between the variables in the graph.

34
Q

Multiple correlation coefficient

A

Statistic that represents the overall linear association between several variables.

35
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency or stability of a measure

36
Q

Validity

A

The accuracy of inferences made based on test or performance data, also addresses whether a measure accurately and completely represents what was intended to be measured

37
Q

Test retest reliability

A

The type of reliability calculated by correlating measurements taken at time one with measurement taken at time two.

38
Q

Equivalent forms reliability

A

A type of reliability calculated by correlating measurements from a sample of individuals who complete two different forms of the same test

39
Q

Internal consistency

A

Form of reliability that assesses how consistently the items have a test measure a single construct. Affected by the number of items in the test and correlation among the test items

40
Q

Generalizability theory

A

A sophisticated approach to the question of reliability that simultaneously considers all types of error in reliability estimates.

41
Q

Predictor

A

The test chosen or developed to assess attributes( abilities ) identified as important for successful job performance

42
Q

Criterion

A

In outcome variable that describes important aspects or demands of the job, the variable that we predict when evaluating the validity of a predictor

43
Q

Criterion related validity

A

Validity approach that is demonstrated by correlating a test score with a performance measure. Improves researchers confidence in the inference that people with higher test scores have higher performance.

44
Q

Validity coefficient

A

Correlation coefficient between a test score (predictor) and a performance measure (criterion)

45
Q

Predictive validity design

A

Criterion related validity design in which there is a time lag between collection of the test data in the criterion data

46
Q

Concurrent validity design

A

Criterion related validity design in which there is no time lag between gathering test scores and the performance data

47
Q

Content related validation design

A

A design that demonstrates that the content of the selection procedure represents an adequate sample of important work behaviors and activities, and or worker KSAO designed by the job analysis

48
Q

Construct validity

A

Validity approach to which investigators gather evidence to support decisions or inferences about psychological constructs, often begins with investigators demonstrating that a test designed to measure a particular construct correlates with other test in the predicted manner

49
Q

Construct

A

Psychological concept or characteristic that a predictor is intended to measure, examples are intelligence personality and leadership

50
Q

What are common areas of concentration for

I/o

A 
Selection and placement 
Teaming and development 
Organizational development
Performance measurement 
Quality of work life
Engineering psychology
51
Q

When did the era of infancy occur

A

Late 19th century through aftermath WWI

52
Q

When did the era of change in focus occur

A

1930s- WWII

53
Q

When did the era of rapid growth occur

A

WW2- 1960s

54
Q

When did the era of cognitive revolution occur

A

1960s to present

55
Q

Who is wilhelm Wundt

A

Reaction time and father of experimental psychology

56
Q

Who is Hugo munsterberg

A

Published first textbook and studied individual differences by testing ability

57
Q

Who is cattell

A

Studied individual differences and intelligence testing in basic for personality

58
Q

Who is Hollingsworth

A

Industry and the law. Studied that caffeine is good for you in normal doses. And known for applied research

59
Q

What is the army alpha

A

Large group intelligence testing

60
Q

What is the hawthorn effect

A

Explanation that subjects know they are being watched so they perform differently

61
Q

What are three purposes to io

A

Description, production, and explanation

62
Q

What is the cycle of research

A

Deery to data and data to theory.

63
Q

What are the three measures of central tendency

A

Mean median and mode

64
Q

Robust

A

Resistant to outliers

65
Q

What is variance

A

The average of squared deviations from the mean and it doesn’t have an intuitive meaning

66
Q

What is meta-analysis

A

The aggression of multiple studies of the same underlying relationship and it provides more conclusive results which means less error

67
Q

Who is Scott and Bingham

A

They developed the first group intelligent test used in army

I/o test 1 (4 decks)

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