Ch 2

Question 0

A response that becomes associated with a previously unrelated stimulus as a result of pairing the stimulus with another stimulus normally yielding the response

Answer 0

Conditioned response

Question 1

A process of behavior modification in which an innate response to a potent biological stimulus becomes expressed in response to a previously neutral stimulus

Answer 1

Classical conditioning

Question 2

A previously neutral stimulus that eventually comes to evoke a response

Answer 2

Conditioned stimulus

Question 3

An operant conditioning principle in which an organism is reinforced every single time that organism provides the appropriate response

Answer 3

Continuous reinforcement

Question 4

When we learn to respond only to the original stimulus & not the other stimuli

Answer 4

Discrimination

Question 5

When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences, the behavior gradually stops reoccurring

Answer 5

Extinction

Question 6

Reinforcement contingent on response following time intervals

Answer 6

Fixed-interval schedule

Question 7

Reinforcement after a certain number of responses

Answer 7

Fixed-ratio schedule

Question 8

The tendency for the conditioned stimulus to evoke similar responses after the response has been conditioned

Answer 8

Generalization

Question 9

Highest order conditioning: 1st order:

Answer 9

Normal stimuli 1&raquo_space; no response
Normal stimuli 1 + unconditioned stimulus&raquo_space; unconditioned response
Conditioned stimulus 1 > conditioned response

Question 10

2nd order conditioning

Answer 10

Conditioned stimuli 1 + normal stimuli 2&raquo_space; conditioned response
Conditioned stimuli 2&raquo_space; conditioned response

Question 11

Increase response by removing negative stimuli

Answer 11

Negative reinforcement

Question 12

A stimulus that provoked no response besides grabbing attention

Answer 12

Neutral stimulus

Question 13

Always increases response through positive stimulus

Answer 13

Positive reinforcement

Question 14

Decrease response by presenting positive stimulus

Answer 14

Punishment 1

Question 15

Decrease response by presenting negative stimulus

Answer 15

Punishment 2

Question 16

Learning by seeing or being instructed (you don’t have to even practice it)

Answer 16

Social learning theory

Question 17

The re-emerging of a previously extinguished conditioned response after delay

Answer 17

Spontaneous recovery

Question 18

An unlearned response to a stimuli

Answer 18

Unconditioned response

Question 19

Thing that produces response but only after learning has occurred

Answer 19

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 20

Slow, steady response pattern

Answer 20

Variable-interval schedule

Question 21

Reinforcement done after changing number of responses

Answer 21

Variable-ratio schedule