Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSCS > CH 2 > Flashcards

CH 2 Flashcards

MASTER CONCEPTS RELATED TO BIOENERGETICS OF EXERCISE AND TRAINING

1
Q

BIOENERGETICS

A

FLOW OF ENERGY IN A BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CATABOLISM

A

BREAK DOWN OF LARGER MOLECULES TO SMALLER MOLECULES ASSOCIATED WITH THE RELEASE OF ENERGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANABOLISM

A

SYNTHESIS OF LARGER MOLECULES FROM SMALLER MOLECULES USING THE ENERGY RELEASED FROM CATABOLIC REACTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

EXERGONIC REACTIONS

A

ENERGY RELEASING REACTIONS

GENERALLY CATABOLIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ENDERGONIC REACTIONS

A

REQUIRE ENERGY, INCLUDE ANABOLIC PROCESSES AND MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

METABOLISM

A

TOTAL OF ALL CATABOLIC OR EXERGONIC AND ANABOLIC OR EDERGONIC REACTIONS IN A BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ATP

A

ALLOWS TRANSFER OF ENERGY FROM EXERGONIC TO ENDERGONIC REACTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HYDROLYSIS

A

BREAKDOWN OF ONE MOLECULE OF ATP TO YIELD ENERGY. REQUIRES 1 WATER MOLECULE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MYOSIN ATPase

A

ENZYME THAT CATALYZES ATP HYDROLYSIS FOR CROSS BRIDGE RECYCLING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CALCIUM ATPase

A

HYDROLYZES ATP FOR PUMPING CALCIUM INTO THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SODIUM-POTASSIUM ATPase

A

HYDROLYZES ATP FOR MAINTAINING SARCOLEMMAL CONCENTRATION GRADIENT AFTER DEPOLARIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ANAEROBIC MECHANISMS THAT OCCUR IN THE SARCOPLASM

A

PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM AND FIRST PHASE OF GLYCOLYSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AEROBIC MECHANISMS THAT OCCUR IN THE MITOCHONDRIA AND REQUIRE OXYGEN AS THE TERMINAL ELECTRON RECEPTOR

A

KREBS CYCLE, ELECTRON TRANSPORT, OXIDATIVE SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

WHICH OF THE 3 MAIN MACRONUTRIENTS CAN BE METABOLIZED WITHOUT DIRECT INVOLVEMENT OF OXYGEN?

A

CARBOHYDRATES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MAGNITUDE OF CONTRIBUTION OF EACH ENERGY SYSTEM IS DEPENDANT ON

A

PRIMARILY THE INTENSITY OF THE ACTIVITY

SECONDARILY ON THE DURATION OF THE ACTIVITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM FUNCTION

A

PROVIDES ATP PRIMARILY FOR SHORT TERM, HIGH INTENSITY ACTIVITIES
ACTIVE AT START OF ALL EXERCISE, REGARDLESS OF INTENSITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM PROCESS

A

CREATINE KINASE CATALYZES SYTHESIS OF ATP FROM CREATINE PHOSPHATE AND ADP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

WHICH MUSCLE FIBER TYPE, FAST TWITCH OR SLOW TWITCH CONTAINS HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF CP

A

FAST TWITCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ADENYLATE/ MYOKINASE REACTION

A

SINGLE ENZYME REACTION THAT RAPIDLY REPLENISHES ATP AND PRODUCES AMP, A POWERFUL STIMULANT OF GLYCOLYSES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

LAW OF MASS ACTION

A

THE CONCENTRATIONS OF REACTANTS OR PRODUCTS (OR BOTH) IN SOLUTION WILL DRIVE THE DIRECTION OF THE REACTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GLYCOLYSIS

A

BREAKDOWN OF CARBOHYDRATES TO RESYNTHESIZE ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CARBOHYDRATE SOURCES FOR GLYCOLYSIS

A

GLYCOGEN STORED IN MUSCLE OR GLUCOSE DELIVERED IN THE BLOOD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

WHICH PROVIDES A MORE RAPID ATP RESYNTHESIS RATE GLYCOLYSIS OR THE PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM?

A

PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

WHY DOES GLYCOLYSES HAVE A GREATER CAPACITY FOR ATP SYNTHESIS?

A

BODY HAS A LARGER SUPPLY OF GLUCOSE AND GLYCOGEN THAN CP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

WHERE DOES GLYCOLYSIS OCCUR

A

SARCOPLASM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

WHAT IS THE END PRODUCT OF GLYCOLYSIS

A

PYRUVATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO OPTIONS FOR PYRUVATE AFTER GLYCOLYSIS

A
  1. CONVERTED TO LACTATE

2. SHUTTLED INTO THE MITOCHONDRIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

A

PYRUVATE IS CONVERTED TO LACTATE, ATP RESYNTHESIS OCCURS AT A FASTER RATE FOR A SHORTER DURATION

29
Q

AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

A

PYRUVATE SHUTTLED INTO THE MITOCHONDRIA, BECOMES PART OF THE KREBS CYCLE. ATP RESYNTHESIS RATE IS SLOWER BUT OCCURS FOR LONGER DURATION.

30
Q

IF ENERGY MUST BE TRANSFERRED AT A HIGH RATE, PYRUVATE IS PRIMARILY CONVERTED TO

A

LACTATE

31
Q

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

A

EXERCISE INDUCED DECREASE IN pH RESULTING FROM ACCUMULATION OF H+

32
Q

WET MUSCLE

A

MUSCLE THAT HAS NOT BEEN DESICCATED

33
Q

WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCE LACTATE ACCUMULATION

A 
EXERCISE INTENSITY
MUSCLE FIBER TYPE 
EXERCISE DURATION
STATE OF TRAINING
INITIAL GLYCOGEN LEVELS
34
Q

WHICH MUSCLE TYPE PRODUCES THE GREATEST LEVEL OF LACTATE

A

TYPE II

35
Q

HOW LONG AFTER ACTIVITY DO BLOOD LACTATE LEVELS TYPICALLY RETURN TO PREEXERCISE LEVELS

A

1 HOUR

36
Q

MITOCHONDRIA

A

SPECIALIZED CELLULAR ORGANELLES WHERE THE REACTIONS OF AEROBIC METABOLISM OCCUR

37
Q

2 PRIMARY MECHANISMS FOR RESYNTHESIZING ATP DURING METABOLISM

A

SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

38
Q

WHAT IS OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION?

A

RESYNTHESIS OF ATP IN THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

39
Q

WHAT IS SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION?

A

DIRECT RESYNTHESIS OF ATP FROM ADP DURING A SINGLE REACTION IN TEH METABOLIC PATHWAYS

40
Q

ALLOSTERIC INHIBITION

A

OCCURS WHEN AN END PRODUCT BINDS TO THE REGULATORY ENZYME AND DECREASES ITS TURNOVER RATE AND SLOWS PRODUCT FORMATION

41
Q

ALLOSTERIC ACTIVATION

A

OCCURS WHEN AN ACTIVATOR BINDS WITH THE ENZYME AND INCREASES ITS TURNOVER RATE

42
Q

LACTATE THRESHOLD

A

EXERCISE INTENSITY OR RELATIVE INTENSITY AT WHICH BLOOD LACTATE BEGINS AN ABRUPT INCREASE ABOVE THE BASELINE CONCENTRATION

43
Q

ONSET OF BLOOD LACTATE ACCUMULATION

A

SECOND INCREASE IN THE RATE OF LACTATE ACCUMULATION NOTED AT HIGHER INTENSITIES OF EXERCISE

44
Q

OXIDATIVE SYSTEM

A

PRIMARY SOURCE OF ATP AT REST AND DURING LOW INTENSITY ACTIVITIES

45
Q

PRIMARY SUBSTRATES FOR ATP PRODUCTION IN OXIDATIVE SYSTEM

A

CARBOHYDRATES AND FATS

46
Q

KREBS CYCLE

A

A SERIES OF REACTIONS THAT CONTINUES THE OXIDATION BEGUN IN GLYCOLYSIS
PRODUCES 2 ATP INDIRECTLY

47
Q

BETA OXIDATION

A

A SERIES OF REACTIONS IN WHICH THE FREE FATTY ACIDS ARE BROKEN DOWN, RESULTING IN THE FORMATION OF ACETYL COA AND HYDROGEN PROTONS

48
Q

GLUCONEOGENESIS

A

PROTEIN IS BROKEN DOWN INTO ITS CONSTITUENT AMINO ACIDS WHICH ARE THEN CONVERTED INTO GLUCOSE

49
Q

BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS

A

MAJOR AMINO ACIDS THAT ARE OXIDIZED IN SKELETAL MUSCLE

50
Q

LIST THE BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS

A

LEUCINE, ISOLEUCINE, VALINE

51
Q

EXERCISE INTENSITY

A

A LEVEL OF MUSCULAR ACTIVITY THA CAN BE QUANTIFIED IN TERMS OF POWER OUTPUT

52
Q

HIGH INTENSITY ACTIVITIES THAT REQUIRE A RAPID RATE OF ENERGY SUPPLY RELY ON WHAT ENERGY SYSTEM

A

PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM

53
Q

LOW INTENSITY, LONG DURATION ACTIVITIES RELY PRIMARILY ON WHAT ENERGY SYSTEM

A

OXIDATIVE SYSTEM

54
Q

THE DEGREE TO WHICH ANAEROBIC AND OXIDATIVE ENERGY SYSTEMS CONTRIBUTE TO ENERGY PRODUCED IS DETERMINED…

A

PRIMARILY BY EXERCISE INTENSITY

SECONDARILY BY EXERCISE DURATION

55
Q

ENERGY SUBSTRATE DEFINITION

A

MOLECULES THAT PROVIDE STARTING MATERIALS FOR BIOENERGETIC REACTIONS

56
Q

LIST ENERGY SUBSTRATES

A 
PHOSPHAGENS (ATP, CP)
GLUCOSE
GLYCOGEN
LACTATE
FREE FATTY ACIDS
AMINO ACIDS
57
Q

FATIGUE EXPERIENCED DURING MANY ACTIVITIES IS FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEPLETION OF…

A

PHOSPHAGENS AND GLYOGEN

58
Q

PHOSPHAGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN MUSCLE ARE MORE RAPIDLY DEPLETED BY

A

HIGH INTENSITY ANAEROBIC EXERCISE

59
Q

COMPLETE RESYNTHESIS OF ATP OCCURS HOW LONG AFTER EXERCISE

A

3-5 MINUTES

60
Q

COMPLETE CREATINE RESYNTHESIS OCCURS HOW LONG AFTER EXERCISE

A

8 MINUTES

61
Q

INCREASES IN RELATIVE EXERCISE INTENSITY OF 50%- 100% OF MAX O2 UPTAKE RESULT IN

A

INCREASED RATE OF GLYCOGENOLYSIS

62
Q

BEYOND WHAT DURATION OF EXERCISE DO BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS FALL

A

90 MINUTES

63
Q

POST EXERCISE MUSCLE GLYCOGEN REPLETION IS BEST ACCOMPLISHED BY INGESTING HOW MUCH CARBOHYDRATE

A

.7g- 3.0g PER KG OF BODYWEIGHT EVERY 2 HOURS DURING THE FIRST 4-6 HOURS.

64
Q

OXYGEN DEFICIT

A

THE ANAEROBIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOTAL ENERGY COST OF EXERCISE

65
Q

EXCESS POST EXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION

A

OXYGEN UPTAKE ABOVE RESTING VALUES USED TO RESTORE THE BODY TO THE PRE EXERCISE CONDITION
A.K.A OXYGEN DEBT

66
Q

DURING MAX EFFORT EXERCISE, ANAEROBIC MECHANISMS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR WHAT DURATION OF ENERGY SUPPLY

A

THE FIRST 60 SECONDS

67
Q

INTERVAL TRAINING

A

METHOD THAT EMPHASIZES BIOENERGETIC ADAPTATIONS FOR A MORE EFFICIENT ENERGY TRANSFER WITHIN THE METABOLIC PATHWAYS BY USING PREDETERMINED WORK AND REST PERIODS

68
Q

AN INTERVAL PROGRAM WITH SHORT DURATION HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE REQUIRES A GREATER OR SMALLERR WORK TO REST RATIO?

A

GREATER

69
Q

AN INTERVAL PROGRAM OF LONG DURATION LOW INTENSITY EXERCISE REQUIRES A GREATER OR SMALLER WORK TO REST RATIO?

A

SMALLER

CSCS (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions