Ch. 2 Flashcards
refers to the technical structure of the software
architecture
Client-Server Architecture has three layers, what are these layers?
Presentation layer
Application layer
Data layer
How you interact with the application (using menus, typing, and selecting)
presentation layer
what the application allows you to do (create formulas or charts, compose an essay)
application layer
where the application stores your work jon your hard drive or flash drive)
data layer
separates layers of client server architecture into three separate systems
three-tier client-server architecture
new technologies that could help link or integrate, many different cent-server systems together in new and valuable ways
service-oriented architecture
the world’s largest and most complex ES.
focus primarily on intra company processes that is, the operations that are performed within an organization
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
Examples of inter-company systems
supply chain management (SCM)
supplier relationship management (SRM)
connects a company to other companies that supply the materials it needs to make its products
supply chain management (SCM)
connect a company’s ERP system to those of its suppliers
supplier relationship management (SRM)
Examples of the manufacturing and sales processes system
- Customer relationship management (CRM)
- Product lifecycle management (PLM)
systems connect a company’s ERP system to those of its customers.
customer relationship management (CRM)
systems help companies administer the processes of research, design, and product management
Product lifecycle management (PLM)
collection of these inter-company systems and the underlying intra company ERP system
application suite
serve as a type of “enterprise operating system for a company’s ES landscape.
application platforms
are used to represent the structure of an enterprise.
Organizational data
is the highest organizational level in SAP ERP.
client
represents a separate legal entity, and it is the central organizational element in financial accounting
Company code
is an organizational element that performs multiple functions and is relevant to several processes.
plant
Represent entities associated with various processes.
Master data
are some of the most complex and extensively utilized data in an ERP system. Most commonly used master data in an organization.
material master data
Another factor that influences the type of data or view needed is the type of material
material types
Four most common material types
Raw materials (ROH)
Semifinished goods (HALB)
Finished goods (FERT)
Trading goods (HAWA)
are purchased from an external source —vendor—and used in the production process
Raw materials (ROH)
are typically produced in house from other materials to a raw materials and are used in the production of a finished good.
Semifinished goods (HALB)
are created by the production process from other materials, such as raw materials and semifinished goods
Finished goods (FERT)
are purchased from a vendor. Unlike raw materials, however, trading goods are resold to customers.
Trading goods (HAWA)
Related to material type, which includes materials with similar characteristics.
material group
A final factor that determines the type of data included in the material master
Organizational Level
reflect the consequences of executing process steps, or transactions.
Transaction data
Examples are purchase orders, packing lists, and invoices.
transaction documents
Three documents are virtual documents in that they reside in the enterprise system and are printed only occasionally as needed.
- financial accounting [FI] documents
- management accounting or controlling [CO] documents
- material documents.
is a general term used to describe the ways that users can view and analyze both transaction and historical data to help them make decisions and complete their tasks
Reporting
System , transactional environment SAP ERP, which is design to capture and store detailed transaction data
online transaction processing (OLTP) system
detailed data analysis, SAP ERP, environment in the form of information systems
online analytic processing (OLAP)
capture and store specified transaction data in an aggregated and summarized form
Information structures
are the objects for which data collected
Characteristics
are performance measures, such as quantities and counts that are associated with the characteristics
Key figures
data are collected or aggregated for specified time periods, such as daily, weekly, and monthly
period definition
identify tasks that are scheduled to be completed in a process
Work lits
display lists of master data
Online lists
are predefined in the SAP ERP system, and they collect the data needed to generate the most commonly used reports
Standard information structures
SAP ERP also enables used to define their own structure
user defined information structures
provides predefined analytics for data in standard information structures
Standard analysis
allows users to define the content and format of the analysis
flexible analysis
is a general term that refers to the overall capabilities a company uses to collect and analyze data.
Business intelligence
