ch 2 Flashcards
Hair color is an example of a A) karotype. B) phenotype. C) gamete. D) genotype.
b
The term sensitive period applies better to human development than the strict notion of a critical period because
A) its boundaries are less well-defined than are those of a critical period.
B) the capacity to acquire certain skills cannot occur later than the optimal period.
C) there are more sensitive periods than critical periods in human development.
D) sensitive periods, but not critical periods, have been empirically tested.
a
According to the concept of epigenesis,
A) development results from ongoing, bidirectional exchanges between heredity and all levels of the environment.
B) children’s genetic makeup causes them to receive, evoke, and seek experiences that actualize their inborn tendencies.
C) heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.
D) children’s genetic inheritance constrains their responsiveness to varying environments.
a
________ is the tendency for growth to conform to a genetically predetermined pathway.
canalization
a discontinuous process
differentiation
range of reaction
A
Growing up in the same home, Annie and Jack have had common experiences, referred to as:
a shared environment
a sleeper effect
a nonshared environment
genetic relatedness
A
A behavioral geneticist compares the concordance rates of individuals who differ in:
genetic relatedness
temperament
likelihood of schizophrenia
personality
A
Gene - environment interaction shows that:
A) people respond similarly to the same environment.
B) different gene–environment combinations can make two people look the same.
C) people with different gene–environment combinations never respond similarly.
D) heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.
B
Inherited disorders are usually caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ alleles. a. recessive b. incomplete c. dominant
recessive
Genetic counseling typically involves obtaining a
detailed family history as well as ______________.
a. doing genetic testing
b. assessing incomplete dominance
c. measuring nonshared environmental influences
a
Extra, missing, or damaged chromosomes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. always disrupt development b. always lead to spontaneous abortion c. rarely affect development
a
______________ is the branch of genetics concerned
with the inheritance of behavioral and psychological
traits.
a. Molecular genetics
b. Behavioral genetics
c. Applied developmental science
b
Polygenic inheritance ______________.
a. reflects the combined influence of many pairs of
genes
b. is responsible for most either–or traits
c. is the genetic mechanism responsible for diseases
but not behaviors
a
______________ refers to the constant interaction
across development between genes and multiple
levels of the environment.
a. Epigenesis
b. Heritability
c. Methylation
a
Niche-picking refers to the fact that ______________.
a. environmental influences “turn off” some genes
b. most behavioral traits are influenced by multiple
genes
c. children and adolescents select environments
based on their genes
c
As a result of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, children within a family differ from each other. a. incomplete dominance b. niche-picking c. nonshared environmental influences
c
