Ch. 19.2

Question 1

Polymorphisms

Answer 1

two or more variations of particular characteristics

Question 2

Population variation

Answer 2

distribution of phenotypes among individuals

Question 3

Natural selection can only act on _________

Answer 3

heritable traits

Question 4

Heretability

Answer 4

A fraction of phenotypic variation that we can attribute to genetic differences

Question 5

when heritability is greater_____

Answer 5

the population is more susceptible to evolutionary forces

Question 6

Genetic variability

Answer 6

diversity of alleles and genotypes in a population

Question 7

preservation of genetic variability ______

Answer 7

reduces risk of inbreeding

Question 8

Inbreeding

Answer 8

mating of closely related individuals
brings together deleterious recessive mutations that can cause abnormalities and susceptibility of disease

Question 9

Inbreeding depression

Answer 9

production of diseased offspring as a result of inbreeding

Question 10

Genetic drift

Answer 10

effect of chance, some individuals have more offspring than others
right place right time

Question 11

What population is more susceptible to genetic drift

Answer 11

smaller

Question 12

bottleneck effect

Answer 12

large portion of gene pool wiped out
genetic structure of survivors becomes basis of the population

Question 13

founder effect

Answer 13

large proportion of population leaves and starts new population elsewhere or geographic barrier rises
genetic structure is that of founding mothers and fathers