Ch 19: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

Prefix: Form

Answer 1

single H-

Question 2

Prefix: Acet

Answer 2

H2C-

Question 3

Prefix: Propion/propi

Answer 3

CH3CH2-

Question 4

Prefix: Butyr

Answer 4

CH3CH2CH2-

Question 5

Prefix: Isobutyr

Answer 5

(CH3)2CH-

Question 6

Prefix: valer

Answer 6

CH3CH2CH2CH2-

Question 7

Prefix: isovaler

Answer 7

(CH3)2CHCH2-

Question 8

Prefix: Benz, Benzo

Answer 8

Ph-

Question 9

IR Spectroscopy: Carbonyl General

Answer 9

1700 cm-1

Question 10

IR Spectroscopy: Ketones

Answer 10

1710-1715 cm-1

Question 11

IR Spectroscopy: Aldehydes

Answer 11

2710 cm -1

Question 12

NMR Spectroscopy: aldehydic protons

Answer 12

chemical shift of 9.8

Question 13

Synthesis of Aldehydes an Ketones: Methods (4+2)

Answer 13

1) Oxidation of alcohols
2) Friedel-Crafts acylation
3) Hydration of alkenes
4) Hydroboration
(1) Ozonolysis
(2) Periodate cleavage of glycols

Question 14

Aldehydes and Ketones are weakly (acidic/basic) and react at the carbonyl (carbon/oxygen) with ___ or ____.

Answer 14

Aldehydes and Ketones are weakly basic and react at the carbonyl oxygen with protons or lewis acids.

Question 15

Carbocations can exist in carbonyls because

Answer 15

the resonance effect of the carbocation with the double bond far outweighs the electronegativity of the oxygen.

Question 16

Rank the following in terms of increasing reactivity to cyanohydrins: acetone, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde

Answer 16

Reactivity increases from acetone<formaldehyde