Ch 19-20 Vocab 2

Question 1

myocardial infarction

Answer 1

• heart attack
• complete or decreased cessation of blood flow to a portion of the myocardium

Question 2

angina pectoris

Answer 2

chest pain which occurs when a part of the heart doesn’t receive enough blood and oxygen

Question 3

sinoatrial node

Answer 3

known as the pacemaker, a specialized clump of myocardial conducting cells located in the superior portion of the right atrium that has the highest inherent rate of depolarization that then spreads throughout the heart

Question 4

atrioventricular node

Answer 4

• clump of myocardial cells located in the inferior portion of the right atrium within the atrioventricular septum
• receives the impulse from the SA node, pauses, and then transmits it into specialized conducting cells within the interventricular septum

Question 5

atrioventricular bundle

Answer 5

• also bundle of His
• transmit the impulse from the AV node through the interventricular septum

Question 6

purkinje fibers

Answer 6

specialized myocardial conduction fibers that arise from the bundle branches and spread the impulse to the myocardial contraction fibers of the ventricles

Question 7

electrocardiogram

Answer 7

ECG, EKG
surface recording of the electrical activity of the heart that can be used for diagnosis of irregular heart function

Question 8

p wave

Answer 8

component of the electrocardiogram that represents the depolarization of the atria

Question 9

QRS complex

Answer 9

component of the electrocardiogram that represents the depolarization of the ventricles and includes, as a component, the repolarization of the atria

Question 10

t wave

Answer 10

component of the electrocardiogram that represents the repolarization of the ventricles

Question 11

arrhythmias

Answer 11

problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat

Question 12

fibrillation

Answer 12

in motor responses, a spontaneous muscle action potential that occurs in the absence of neuromuscular input, resulting from LMN lesions

Question 13

systole

Answer 13

period of time when the heart muscle is contracting

Question 14

diastole

Answer 14

period of time when the heart muscle is relaxed and the chambers fill with blood

Question 15

cardiac output

Answer 15

CO
amount of blood pumped by each ventricle during one minute; equal HR multiplied by SV

Question 16

stroke volume

Answer 16

amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per contraction; also, the difference between EDV and ESV

Question 17

heart murmur

Answer 17

unusual heart sound detected by auscultation; typically related to septal or valve defects

Question 18

tunica intima

Answer 18

• tunica interna
• innermost lining or tunic of a vessel

Question 19

tunica media

Answer 19

middle layer or tunic of a vessel (except capillaries)

Question 20

tunica externa

Answer 20

• tunica adventitia
• outermost layer or tunic of a vessel (except capillaries)

Question 21

hypertension

Answer 21

chronic or persistent blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mm Hg or above

Question 22

hypotension

Answer 22

chronic or persistent blood pressure measurements of 90/60 mm Hg or below