CH 18: Pathology

Question 1

hyperthyroidism

Answer 1

overactivity of the thyroid gland, thyrotoxicosis

Question 2

hypothyroidism

Answer 2

inactivity of the thyroid gland

Question 3

thyroid carcinoma

Answer 3

cancer of the thyroid gland

Question 4

hyperparathyroidism

Answer 4

excessive production of parathormone

Question 5

adrenal virilism

Answer 5

excessive secretion of adrenal androgens

Question 6

cushing syndrome

Answer 6

group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

• moon faces
• buffalo hump
• hyperglycemia

Question 7

Addison disease

Answer 7

hypo functioning of the renal cortex

Question 8

pheochromocytoma

Answer 8

benign tumor of the adrenal medulla; tumor cells stain a dark or dusky
- phe/o: color chrom/o

Question 9

hyperinsulism

Answer 9

excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia

Question 10

diabetes mellitus

Answer 10

lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

Question 11

acromegaly

Answer 11

hyper secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities

Question 12

gigantism

Answer 12

hyper secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary BEFORE puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues

Question 13

dwarfism

Answer 13

congenital hypo secretion of growth hormone, hypopituitary dwarfism

Question 14

panhypopituitarism

Answer 14

deficiency of ALL pituitary hormones

Question 15

syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)

Answer 15

excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone

Question 16

diabetes insipidus (DI)

Answer 16

insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

Question 17

fasting plasma glucose (FPG)

Answer 17

also known as fasting blood sugar test. Measures circulating glucose level in a patient who has fasted at least 8 hours