Ch. 18 Development from Conception through Adolescence Flashcards
How long is a lunar month of pregnancy?
28 days
Pregnancy is divided into 3 periods called what and how long do they last?
Trimesters- 3 months each
What is vernix caseosa? What does it look like?
a protective covering that develops over the fetus in the 2nd trimester.
its a white, cheese-like substance that adheres to skin and may become 3 mm thick by birth
When can a mother begin to feel fetus movement?
around 5 months
also time when you can hear heartbeat
What is lanugo?
fine, downy hair that covers the fetuses body
What is teratogen?
Anything that adversely affects normal cellular development in the embryo or fetus.
What is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)?
s result of alcohol use by the pregnant woman, is defined as impaired mitochondrial development in the fetus that leads to microrephaly, intellectual disability, learning disorders, and other central nervous system defects
What is the rooting reflex?
a feeding reflex is elicited by touching the baby’s cheek, causing baby’s head to turn to side it was touched.
disappears after 4 months
What is the moro reflex?
Why do we test this reflex
- loud noise is made that startles baby. infany reacts by extending both arms and legs outwards.
- assessment dont to estimate maturity of CNS
- disapears by 4 months
What is the palmar grasp reflex?
small object places in babies hand causing fingers to curl around it.
-disappears after 3 months
What is the planter reflex?
when object is placed by feet, toes curls around it.
-disappears around 8 months
What is the tonic neck reflex (TNR) or fencing reflex?
when baby lies on its back with side to the right, the left side of the body shows a flexing of the left arm and leg.
What is the stepping reflex (walking or dancing reflex)?
hold baby up so feet can be flat on a surface. legs move up and down as if walking.
-disappears after 2 months
What is the Babinski reflex?
newborn: positive babinski-
-when sole of feet is stoked, big toe rises and other toes fan out
1 year old: negative babinski-
-when sole of foot is stroked, toes curl downward
If a baby has a positive babinski after the age of 1, what can this indicate?
brain damage
What is it called when an infant falls below 5th percentile or weight and height or whose growth declines across 2 percentiles on a standard growth chart over time?
Failure to thrive
What is the name for acute abdominal pain in infants caused by periodic contractions of the intestines during the first 3 months of life?
Colic
Infants who cry up to 10-12 hrs/day are called what?
colicky
Deliberate whiplash shaking can lead to Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) which is a constellation of severe injuries including what?
cerebral damage
neurological defects
blindness
intellectual disabilities
What is usually assessed in neonates 60 secs after birth and repeated 5 and 10 mins later?
Apgar score
What do they look at when assessing the apgar score?
HR, respirations,muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color
What test is used from birth to 6 years of age and looks at personal-social, fine motor-adapitive, language, and gross motor skills?
Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST-II)
A 2yo can be expected to way how much more than it did at birth?
4x
What is self-concept made of?
body image, feelings about the self, adaptive and defensive mechanisms, reactions from others, and our own perceptions of these reactions, attitudes, values, and many of lifes experiences.
