Body Mechanics-skill Flashcards
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What is body mechanics?
efficient, coordinated, and safe use of the body to move objects and carry out the activities of daily living.
What are musculoskeletal injuries?
any type of injury or disorder of the muscle, tendons, ligaments, joints, nerves, blood vessels, or related soft tissue including a sprain, strain, and inflammation that may be caused or aggravated by work
What are the different elements of body movements?
body alignment (posture), balance, and coordinated movements.
What is the line of gravity? where is it usually found?
an imaginary line drawn through an objects center of gravity
usually found at the top of the head and falls between the shoulders, through the truck, slightly anterior to the sacrum, and between the weight-bearing joints and base of support.
What is the center of gravity?
the point at which all of the mass f an object is centered
What is the base of support?
the foundation on which an object rests.
Body mechanics involves the integrated functioning of what two systems?
the musculoskeletal system and nervous system
How much is the max amount for a nurse to lift?
never lift more than 35 pounds without assistance
When pushing an object, what is the best way to increase the base of support?
moving the front foot forward
When pulling an object, what is the best way to increase the base of support?
- moving the rear leg back if the person is facing the object
- moving the front foot forward if the person is facing away from the object
What does a contracture of a muscle mean?
the permanent shortening of the muscle
What is Fowler’s position?
(semisitting position)
a bed position in which the head and trunk are raised 45 to 60 degrees relative to the bed. knees may or may not be flexed
What is the difference between semi-Fowler and high-Fowler position?
Semi- 15-45 degrees (typically 30)
High- 60-90 degrees (typically sitting at right angle)
What is orthopneic position?
An alteration of high-Fowler’s position where the client sits either in bed or on side leaning over an overbed table across the lap.
Why is the orthopneic position helpful?
it facilitates respiration by allowing maximum chest expansion.
What is the dorsal recumbent (back-lying) position?
clients head and shoulders are slightly elevated on a small pillow. (dorsal recumbent and supine are used interchangeably)
What is the prone position?
client lies on their abdomen with the head turned to one side.
hips are not flexed
What is the lateral (side-lying) position?
client lies on one side of the body
What is the Sims’ (semiprone) position?
client assumes a posture halfway between the lateral and the prone positions (sometimes called lateral oblique position)
To assess the clients strength, ability to move, and any special needs before the change of a position, which factors need to be assessed?
adipose tissue, skeletal structure, health status, discomfort, skin condition, ability to move, hydration, and cultural issues
In preparation of supporting clients positioning in bed, what should you do?
- check position-change schedule for the next time and type of change
- administer an analgesic, if appropriate
- check is client has toileting needs
- obtain required assistance, as needed
While supporting a client in any position, what are the different steps?
- prior to performing procedure, introduce self and verify clients identity. Explain what you are going to do, why its necessary, and how they can participate.
- perform hand hygiene and observe other appropriate infection control procedures.
- provide client privacy
- raise height of bed to bring client close to your center of gravity.
What is the difference between signs and symptoms?
signs- observed
symptoms- felt
What are some signs and symptoms that would indicate a musculoskeletal injury?
pain, numbness, tingling and weakness while at work
signs and symptoms can appear suddenly or gradually depending on the injury or disability.
What does STABLE stand for?
S: maintain the natural curves of your SPINE
T: avoid Truck TWISTING
A: keep your ARMS in close
B: use a wide BASE of support
L: use your LEGS
E: EVALUATE the load, ENVIRONMENT, and yourself
