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A&P 2 FALL > Ch 18 -Blood > Flashcards

Ch 18 -Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Albumins

A

Smallest

Maintain blood pressure and volume

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2
Q

Globulins

A

Antibodies

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3
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Involved in blood clotting

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4
Q

Regulatory proteins

A

Hormones

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5
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Transportation of respiratory gases

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6
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Differentiate into cells that produce antibodies

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7
Q

Neutrophil

A

Increase in number during bacterial infections

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8
Q

Basophil

A

Vasodilatory and anticoagulant more function

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9
Q

Eosinophil

A

Increase in number during parasitic infections

Ex. Worm or allergies

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10
Q

Monocyte

A

Involved with immune clearance

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11
Q

Granulocytes

A

Specific granules in their cytosol that are clearly visible when viewed with a microscope

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12
Q

Medical terms refer to synthesis of formed element

A

Hematopoiesis

Hemopoiesis

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13
Q

Steps of hemostasis

A

Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Coagulation phase

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14
Q

Chemotaxis

A

Leukocytes attracted to molecules produced by damaged or dying cells

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15
Q

Leukopoiesis

A

Leukocyte production

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16
Q

Macrophages

A

Remove old/damaged erythrocytes

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17
Q

alpha globulins

A

Small

Transport lipids and hormones

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18
Q

Beta globulins

A

Large

Transport lipids and hormones

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19
Q

Gamma globulins

A

Aka antibodies

Produce immune cells and bind to antigens of pathogens

20
Q

Hemoglobin

A

In cytosol of erythrocytes

Is a pigment

Is a protein

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

21
Q

Hemocytoblast

A

All formed elements

22
Q

Myeloid stem cell

A

Erythrocytes, Granulocytes, platelets, monocytes

23
Q

Lymphoid stem cell

A

Leukocytes of immune response

24
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Leukocytes with small specific granules in cytosol not clearly visible under microscope

25
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Attack abnormal body cells

Coordinate immune responses

26
Q

Leukocytes main classes (2)

A

Granulocytes

Agranulocytes

27
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

Autosomal recessive mutation

Altered shape in hemoglobin

RBCs become clumped and stuck to blood vessels causing pain

28
Q

Congenital hemolytic anemia

A

Often genetically determined

Malformation of erythrocyte membrane proteins

RBCs destroyed too rapidly!!

29
Q

Erythroblastic anemia

A

Higher circulating number of immature, uncleared erythroblasts

30
Q

Thrombopoesis

A

Platelet production

31
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Stimulates development of erythrocytes

Produced by kidneys

Hormone

32
Q

B lymphocyte

A

Become plasma cells and produce antibodies

33
Q

T lymphocyte

A

Manage and direct immune responses

Attack infected body and foreign cells

34
Q

Natural killer cell

A

Attack abnormal and infected body cells

35
Q

Leukopenia

A

Reduced number of leukocytes

36
Q

Agglutination

A

Binding of antibodies in the blood plasma to their corresponding surface antigens on Erythrocyte plasma membrane

37
Q

Hemolysis

A

Rupture of erythrocytes

38
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low blood O2

Negative feedback

39
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Stimulates erythropoiesis in red bone marrow

RBC count rises 3-4 days

Stimuli:
Exercise
Smoking

40
Q

Primary polycythemia

A

Excess RBCs

Cancer forming in bone marrow

Increased BP

Increased bleeding

41
Q

Secondary polycythemia

A

Low blood O2

Thick blood

Heart failure

42
Q

Hemorrhagic anemia

A

Loss of RBCs due to chronic bleeding

43
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Low platelet count

44
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

High platelet count

45
Q

Cytokines

A

Inflammatory chemicals

Makes cells “do” things

46
Q

Thrombus

A

Blood clot

Often in leg veins of women and inactive people

47
Q

Embolus

A

Clot that breaks free

Travels to vital organ

A&P 2 FALL (5 decks)

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