Ch 18

Question 1

Natural Laws

Answer 1

A body of laws or specific principles held to be derived from nature and binding on all human societies even in the absence of written laws governing such matters

Question 2

Agricultural Revolution

Answer 2

The shift from hunting animals and gathering plants for sustenance to producing food by systematic agriculture that occurred gradually between 10,000 and 4000 B.C.E.

Question 3

Natural rights

Answer 3

Certain inalienable rights to which all people are entitled, including the right to life, liberty, and property; freedom of speech and religion; and equality before the law

Question 4

Enlightened absolutism

Answer 4

An absolute monarchy in which the ruler followed the principles of the enlightenment by introducing reforms for the improvement of society, allowing freedom of speech and the press, permitting religious toleration, expanding education, and ruling in accordance with the laws

Question 5

Cottage industry

Answer 5

A system of textile manufacturing in which spinners and weavers worked at home in their cottages using raw materials supplied to them by capitalist entrepreneurs

Question 6

Rentier

Answer 6

A person who lives on income from property and is not personally involved in its operation

Question 7

Patronage

Answer 7

The practice of awarding titles and making appointments to government and other positions to gain political support