Ch 18

Question 1

According to the American Heart Association, what is the first step for treating patients in cardiac arrest?

A) Airway assessment
B) Chest compressions
C) Immediate defibrillation
D) Breathing assessment

Answer 1

B) Chest compressions

Question 2

An example of an environmental hazard that may affect scene safety is:

A) communicable diseases.
B) icy conditions.
C) violent bystanders.
D) chemical substances.

Answer 2

B) icy conditions.

Question 3

For critically injured trauma patients, when should most emergency resuscitative measures be performed?

A) At the hospital
B) En route to the hospital
C) It depends on the patient’s condition.
D) At the scene

Answer 3

B) En route to the hospital

Question 4

For trauma calls, it is important to quickly determine:

A) the patient’s medical history.
B) the nature of the illness.
C) how many responders are needed on the scene.
D) the mechanism of injury.

Answer 4

D) the mechanism of injury.

Question 5

From 2010 to 2014, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration conducted a follow-up survey on EMS workers seen in emergency departments, finding that lifting, carrying, or transferring a patient accounted for what percentage of body motion injuries?

A) 55%
B) 90%
C) 75%
D) 20%

Answer 5

B) 90%

Question 6

From 2010 to 2014, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration conducted a follow-up survey on EMS workers seen in emergency departments, finding that more than 40% of all injuries were:

A) contusions.
B) fractures.
C) strains and sprains.
D) traumatic brain injuries.

Answer 6

C) strains and sprains.

Question 7

How should hazardous substances at a scene be assessed and treated?

A) Law enforcement personnel are not qualified to secure a hazardous substances scene.
B) The material safety data sheet should be disregarded until materials are identified by laboratory analysis.
C) Assessment should be swift and spontaneous.
D) Hazardous materials scenes should be secured by specialized teams before entry.

Answer 7

D) Hazardous materials scenes should be secured by specialized teams before entry.

Question 8

If a condition poses a threat to bystanders, what should be done?

A) Dispatch should be informed.
B) The bystanders should be moved to a safer area.
C) Paramedics should minimize the threat.
D) The bystanders should minimize the threat.

Answer 8

B) The bystanders should be moved to a safer area.

Question 9

If a patient is armed and there is a possible safety issue, what should the paramedic do?

A) Retreat until law enforcement secures the weapon.
B) Continue helping the patient and call for law enforcement at the first opportunity.
C) Disarm the patient.
D) Ask the patient to relinquish the weapon.

Answer 9

A) Retreat until law enforcement secures the weapon.

Question 10

If a scene is not safe, what should the EMS crew do?

A) Remain in a safe staging area and request additional resources.
B) Leave the scene and return to quarters.
C) Ask bystanders for help securing the scene.
D) Identify a safe area within the scene to begin operations.

Answer 10

A) Remain in a safe staging area and request additional resources.

Question 11

In the Spanish study of the relationship between nasal flaring and acidosis in patients with severe dyspnea, how much more likely was nasal flaring associated with acidosis compared to any other sign of respiratory distress?

A) Ten times
B) Three times
C) Five times
D) Two times

Answer 11

A) Ten times

Question 12

In the Spanish study of the relationship between nasal flaring and acidosis in patients with severe dyspnea, what percentage of participants showed nasal flaring?

A) 65%
B) 14%
C) 22%
D) 47%

Answer 12

C) 22%

Question 13

In what age range is the capillary refill test most reliable?

A) 65 years and older
B) Under 12 years
C) 5 years and under
D) 18 to 35 years

Answer 13

B) Under 12 years

Question 14

What is the most important question to be answered when evaluating an emergency scene?

A) Is the scene safe for personnel to enter?
B) Has dispatch relayed the situation properly?
C) What are the ages of the patients?
D) How many patients are there?

Answer 14

A) Is the scene safe for personnel to enter?

Question 15

Which of the following actions should be included when determining the nature of the illness?

A) Contacting the patient’s primary care physician
B) Observing the patient’s surroundings
C) Checking the patient’s reflexes
D) Removing the patient’s clothes

Answer 15

B) Observing the patient’s surroundings

Question 16

Which of the following may be inferred from an unresponsive patient who lacks a palpable femoral pulse?

A) Abdominal aortic aneurysm
B) Cardiopulmonary arrest
C) Lumbar spinal cord injury
D) Lower extremity crush injury

Answer 16

B) Cardiopulmonary arrest

Question 17

Which of the following statements accurately describes scene size-up?

A) Its goals include quickly gathering evidence for law enforcement.
B) It does not begin until you physically arrive at the scene.
C) It ends once appropriate actions are determined.
D) It includes personal safety of emergency response personnel.

Answer 17

D) It includes personal safety of emergency response personnel.

Question 18

Which of the following statements are accurate regarding violence at an emergency scene?

A) All patients should be frisked for anything that could injure the provider.
B) Agencies should have a protocol for EMS crews to signal a dangerous situation without using plain language.
C) When patients display violent behavior, EMS crews should physically restrain the patient.
D) Verbal aggression does not constitute violence but can lead to violence.

Answer 18

B) Agencies should have a protocol for EMS crews to signal a dangerous situation without using plain language.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of the primary assessment?

A) It is always conducted in the same order.
B) It is based on an assessment of the surrounding environment.
C) It is optional in most situations.
D) It establishes the priorities of care.

Answer 19

D) It establishes the priorities of care.

Question 20

Which types of patients must have a patent airway established during the primary survey?

A) Patients in respiratory distress
B) Unconscious patients
C) Older adult patients
D) All patients

Answer 20

D) All patients