Ch 17 Robbins- Anus and Peritoneum Flashcards
What is the site of transition of the proctodeum below and the post-allantois hindgut above?
Pectinate/dentate line
Cancers of the anal canal below the pectinate line are usually?
Tumors of the anal canal above the pectinate line and of the rectum are?
1) Squamous cell carcinoma
2) Adenocarcinoma
What are basaloid tumors populated with immature cells from the basal layer of transitional epithelium?
Where do they occur?
1) Cloacogenic carcinoma
2) Middle 1/3 of anal canal
Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the lower 1/3 of anal canal is often associated with what infection?
This can cause what precursor lesions?
1) HPV
2) Condyloma acuminatum, “anal warts”
What is associated with straining, venous stasis in pregnancy and cirrhosis (portal HTN)?
Hemorrhoids
What is the Tx for hemorrhoids?
Sclerotherapy
What occurs with ectasia of the inferior hemorrhoidal plexus below the anorectal line?
What occurs with ectasia of superior hemorrhoidal plexus above the anorectal line?
1) External hemorrhoids
2) Internal hemorrhoids
How are external hemorrhoids characterized?
How are internal hemorrhoids characterized?
1) Painful
2) Painless
What does acute appendicitis cause in terms of pathology?
Bacterial proliferation which leads to neutrophilic infiltration
What can acute appendicitis progress to?
Acute gangrenous appendicitis
What clinical test can point your diagnosis towards appendicitis?
McBurney’s point
What is the most common tumor of the appendix?
Carcinoid tumor
What refers to syndrome of progressive intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous ascites related to a mucin producing neoplasm?
What is it most commonly caused by?
1) Pseudomyxoma peritonei
2) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix
Perforation or rupture of what is complicated by bacterial superinfection?
Sterile peritonitis
When is peritoneal infection most often seen in patients?
When is it seen less frequently?
1) Patients with cirrhosis and ascites
2) Children with nephrotic syndrome
