Ch. 17 Flashcards
early settler
pioneer
people from Mexico
Mexicanos
American Indian tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest
Nez Perces
area of land usually for raising cattle (Mexicanos)
ranchos
sun baked clay used to make pots or homes (Mexicanos)
adobe
stories and songs that the Mexicanos would tell, usually about ancestors
corridos
wide-brimmed hats (Mexicanos)
sombreros
tool used to help find gold; a long wooden box that water would rush through to find gold (forty-niners)
sluice
piece of land worked on by a miner (forty-niners)
claim
people who looked for gold during the gold rush in 1849
forty-niners
keeping someone out (Chinese immigrant)
exclusion
extending across the continent (Chinese immigrants helped build the this railroad that connected the east and west of the United States
transcontinental
a person who comes from a different country to settle in another country (ex. Chinese immigrants)
immigrant
group of people who moved west for religious freedom
Mormons
representative sent by a religious group to spread religion
missionary
wooden frame that fastened around an animal’s neck and then attach to a wagon
yoke
hard times/bad times (pioneers)
hardships
piece of land set aside by the government for natives (Nez Perces)
reservation
This group was already in the Texas territory and did not have to move.
Mexicanos
What are some examples of Mexicanos culture?
Wore sombreros and chaps; used lassos; told stories (corridos); made tortillas; used adobe to make their homes
What impact did the Mexican War have on the Mexicanos?
It resulted in more Americans moving in the area. Shot cattle; burned crops;
What group came to the West to find gold?
forty-niners
What tools did the forty-niners use?
spoons, knives, cradle, sluice, panning
What was life like in the mining camps?
No government support or protection; few women - most stayed back in boom towns; made their own sourdough bread; worked in groups; left their families; stayed in wet, leaky tents
Why did the Chinese Immigrants come to the United States?
mine for gold; become farmers and fisherman; worked to build the transcontinental railroad; shopkeepers
How did white Americans react to the Chinese Immigrants coming?
Forced them to leave; discriminated against; Congress pass the Chinese Exclusion Act that prevented them from entering the US for a short period of time
What group moved west due to religious reasons?
Mormons
What was the Mormon’s first leader?
Joseph Smith
What happened to Joseph Smith?
He and his brother were killed by a mob.
Who was the second leader fo the Mormons?
Brigham Young
How did the Mormon’s change the area around Salt Lake City?
Dug ditches and built dams for irrigation; planted crops; It was a well-planned city.
What hardships did the Oregon pioneers face?
Long journey of 2,000 miles; many people died of disease and hunger; Had to watch for Natives; had to cross many rivers; weather (heat and cold); bad water
What group did Chief Joseph lead?
Nez Perces
What did Chief Joseph do when the U.S. broke their treaties?
He tried to lead his people to Canada to keep them safe.
What happened to the Nez Perces after they surrendered?
They were forced onto reservations, but half of them died before they got there. They were never allowed back on their land.
What 3 groups were treated poorly by the U.S. government?
Nez Perces; Chinese Immigrants; Forty-Niners
How did the government treat the Nez Perces poorly?
Promised them they could return to their land, but didn’t let them. Forced them onto reservations. Many died.
How did the government treat the Chinese Immigrants poorly?
Passed the Chinese Exclusion Act - preventing them from entering the U.S.; settlers treated them poorly and some were killed
How did the government treat the forty-niners poorly?
Did not give them support in the mining camps and no protection
What impact did the Industrial Revolution have?
It made things easier, faster and cheaper by using machines.
Who invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts?
Eli Whitney
Clinton was known for creating the Erie Canal. What is a canal?
A man-made ditch that allows boats to travel through water of different elevations.
