Ch 16 L2 Flashcards
Educating Africans under Western education-
Inspired them to do what
Western education taught African ideas about freedom & equality
Inspired them to fight for their independence
Reform movements took different forms- (Africa)
South Africans peacefully asked for change
Others used strong protests to fight unfair treatment
The Kikuyu Association (1920)-
Group of Kenyan farmers wanted to stop the British from taking more African land
worked w the system to make a change
Libya struggle
Omar mukhtar lead guerrillea attacks against Italian rule
After his death Italy controlled the movement using violence
Calls for independence looked like (Africa)
More African leaders began demanding full independence instead of small reforms
Leaders & movements in Africa (3)
Jomo kenyatte (Kenya) said British rule hurt African culture
Leopold seghor (Senegal) lead movement & wrote poems celebrating African identity
Nnamoli Azikiwe (Nigeria) started a newspaper & supported peaceful protests
Pan africanism
A movement that supported the unity of all African people worldwide
Civil disobedience (India)
Gandhi use peaceful protests to fight unfair laws
Indian Act-
Gave more Indians a say in gov and gave them the right to vote
-Indian National Congress (INC)-
A group that first asked for change then later wanted full freedom from British rule
-What was Gandhi’s role in the Indian Independence Movement?
Peaceful leader
Told ppl not to fight with violence
-Religious problems (India)
Hindus and Muslims starts to argue more
Some Muslim wanted their own country
-zaibatsu-
Huge Japanese businesses that controlled big parts of the economy
The concentration of wealth led to (Japan)
Few rich families controlled most of the money and businesses while most ppl were poor workers who didn’t earn much
Food was expensive
Population grew quickly
Traditionalists wanted what (Japan)
Bring back old Japanese values and stop influence of western ideas
Wanted Japanese to be powerful and strong by itself and take over parts of Asia
-Japan had difficulty finding sources of raw materials and foreign markets for its manufactured goods-
Japan needed raw materials and places to sell their goods
Took over places to get these (Taiwan, Korea, etc)
What was the conference held by US for and what was the outcome?
The Washington Naval Conference was held by the U.S. in 1921–1922.
Goal: Prevent war and limit naval arms (especially in the Pacific).
Result: Nine power treaty: protect chinas land
keep trade open in china
Let japan keep south machuria
Japanese were unhappy bc it limited their power
Early 1900s Japan
Became more democratic
Old leaders still had power
End of 1920s Japan-
Militarism took control
1930s Japan (
Extreme soilders formed
Japan prepared for war and got rid of western ideas
Soilders took Manchus without permission
Military gained power by support from ppl 4)
What triggered the rise of militarism in Japan? (4)
Japan didn’t have enough resources
Military took control of gov
Ppl were poor and angry
Wanted Japan to be strong and traditional again
Nationalist-Communist Alliance-
Nationalists and communists in china worked together
To fight local workloads and remove foreign control in china
Shanghai Massacre-
Chaing kaishek (new nationalist) didn’t trust communists
Ordered to kill thousands of communists (ended alliance)
General Chiang Kai-shek-
Wanted to unit china under nationalist
Mao Zedong-
Leader of communist
Believed in getting support from the poor
The long march-
After being attacked communist ran away
Marched 6k miles (through mountains, rivers, rough land)
Why did Chiang Kai-shek believe a period of political tutelage was necessary for China? (2)
Thought ppl weren’t ready for democracy
Needed time to prepare and educate population
Rural peasants (china)
Poor, illiterate and untouched by modernization
-Middle Class (china)
New western middle class formed
Embraces the eastern values
