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BI 241 > CH 15 Pt. 3: Vision / Eye ( Final Exam ) > Flashcards

CH 15 Pt. 3: Vision / Eye ( Final Exam ) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the accessory ( outside ) structures of the eye?

A
  • Conjunctiva & Extrinsic Eye muscles
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2
Q

Where is the Conjunctiva located?

A
  • inside of the eyelids / covers the sclera
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3
Q

What are the 6 extrinsic eye Muscles?

A
  1. Superior oblique
  2. Superior recuts
  3. Inferior oblique
  4. Inferior recuts
  5. Medial recuts
  6. Lateral recuts
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4
Q

LR6 SO4 _______3 :

A
  • Lateral recuts is controlled by cranial nerve 6
  • Superior oblique is controlled by cranial nerve 4
  • all other extrinsic eye muscles are controlled by cranial nerve 3
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5
Q

The Extrinsic Eye muscles control what type of muscles?

A

Skeletal muscles

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6
Q

what is the function of Extrinsic Eye muscles?

A

Moves eyeballs

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7
Q

What is the most important structure of the eyeball?

A

Wall of eyeball

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8
Q

3 layers of the wall of eyeball ( outside to inside):

A
  1. Fibrous layer
  2. Vascular layer
  3. Inner Layer /Retina
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9
Q

What are the 2 parts of the Fibrous layer ?

A
  1. Sclera (posterior)

2. Cornea (anterior )

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10
Q

What region of the fibrous layer is called the “white of the eye” & has an opaque posterior regions?

A

sclera

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11
Q

The sclera is pieced by the ____ nerve posteriorly ?

A

Optic

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12
Q

The function of the sclera is to ___?

A
  • Protect & Shape the eyeball
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13
Q

What region of the fibrous layer achors extrinsic eye muscles?

A

Sclera

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14
Q

What passes through the optic canal in the sphenoid bone?

A
  • Sclera ; Dura Mater
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15
Q

What region of the fibrous layer is the most anterior portion of the eye?

A

Cornea

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16
Q

what region of the Fibrous layer is transparent , avascular and allows light to enter?

A

Cornea

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17
Q

What are the 3 structures of the eyeball?

A
  1. Wall of Eyeball
  2. internal Cavity
  3. Lens
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18
Q

What are the 3 regions of the Vascular ( uvea ) Layer ?

A
  1. Choroid layer
  2. Ciliary Body
  3. Iris
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19
Q

What two regions of the vascular layer are considered as muscles?

A
  • Ciliary body & Iris
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20
Q

What region of the Vascular Layer has many blood vessels?

A

Choroid layer

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21
Q

What region of the Vascular (Uvea) Layer is the posterior portion of Uvea and supplies blood?

A

-Choroid layer

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22
Q

What color pigment does the choroid layer produce?

A
  • Choroid layer
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23
Q

what layer connects with the inner layer (retina ) of the eye directly ?

A

Choroid layer

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24
Q

What is the ring of tissue surrounding lens?

A

Ciliary Body

25
Q

The ciliary Body controns the ___?

A

lens shape

26
Q

What are the 2 intrinsnic (smooth) eye muscles?

A
  • iris (anterior)

- Ciliary body ( posterior)

27
Q

What is the colored part of the eye?

A

Iris

28
Q

Where is the Iris located?

A
  • under cornea ; small opening
29
Q

What is the central opening of the iris ?

A

Pupil

30
Q

what regulates the amount of light entering the eye ?

A

Pupil

31
Q

What are the 2 inner muscles of the Iris?

A
  1. spinchter pupillae ( circular)

2. Dialator Pupillae ( Radial)

32
Q

WHAT Nerve is in the Spinchter Pupillae ?

A
  • Parasympathetic nerve ( rest and digest )
33
Q

What contracts because of Bright LIGHT & constructs the pupil?

A

Spinchter Pupillae

34
Q

What nerve is in the Dilator Pupillae ?

A
  • Sympathetic Nerve ( Fight or flight)
35
Q

What contracts because of DIM Light & dialates pupil?

A

Dilator pupil

36
Q

What is within the inner (retina) layer of the eye?

A
  1. pigmented layer ( outer )

2. Neural Layer ( inner)

37
Q

What is the function of the pigmented layer?

A
  • absorbs light & prevents scattering phagocytize photoreceptor cell fragments
38
Q

What are the 3 Regions of the Neural Layer?

A
  1. Photoreceptors
  2. Bipolar Cells
  3. Ganglion Cells
39
Q

Ganglion Cells:

A

No reactioni to light

40
Q

Bipolar Cells:

A

No reactions to light

41
Q

Photoreceptors

A

only react to light

42
Q

Neuron direction for Light:

A

“ Gang” - “Bi” - “Photo”

43
Q

Neuron direction for Action Potential:

A

“Photo” - “Bi” - “Gang”

44
Q

What layers have pigment?

A
  • choroid layer & Pigmented layer
45
Q

How do Ganglioin Cells exit the eye as optic Nerve?

A
  • Ganglion nerves fuse together & form optic Nerves
46
Q

What is the external view of the neural layer?

A
  • optic Disc

- Fovea of Macula

47
Q

How do you know left eye from right?

A

-fovea of maculae is lateral to optic disc

48
Q

What lacks photoreceptors that causes a blind spot?

A

Optic Discs

49
Q

What is the site where optic nerve leaves eyes?

A

Optic Disc

50
Q

Vitreous Humor:

A

Gelled like/ Posterior Side

51
Q

What holds the neural layer of the retina firmly against Uvea?

A

Internal Cavity

52
Q

What changes shape to precisely focus light on Retina & is posterior to the iris ?

A
  • Lens
53
Q

What has the Vitreous Humor & transmits light ?

A

Internal Cavity

54
Q

What is the Vision cortex in the occipital lobe?

A

Mechanism of vision

55
Q

Where does the vision cortex in the occipital lobe send action potential?

A

To the brain by Cranial Nerve II

56
Q

What are the color of the CONES ?

A
  • Blue, Green, Red
57
Q

Where are Rods located?

A

Outside of Fovea

58
Q

The visual Sensitivity of Rods is ____ and Cones is ____ ?

A
  • High ; Low
59
Q

The Visual Activity of Cones ____ and Rods is ____ ?

A
  • High; Low

BI 241 (8 decks)

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