Ch 15. Orthopedic diseases of young and growing dogs and cats.

Question 1

What are the most common predilection sites for OCD lesions in the canine?

Answer 1

1. Caudal aspect of the proximal humeral head
2. Distomedial aspect of the humeral trochlea
3. Lateral femoral condyle
4. Medial femoral condyle
5. Femoral trochlea
6. Medial and lateral trochlear ridges of the talus.

Question 2

What is it called when intraarticular gas (nitrogen) from negative pressure induced by traction on a joint during positioning?

Answer 2

Vacuum phenomenon

Question 3

At what age should anconeal process be fused normally to the olecranon of the ulna in the canine patient?

Answer 3

150 days.

Question 4

What are some common breeds that have an ununited anneal process?

Answer 4

Bernese mountain dog, mastiffs, rottweilers, saint bernards

Question 5

What is the most common developmental disorder involving the elbow?

Answer 5

Fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna

Question 6

Polymelia has been noted in cats with polydactyly. What dog breed has it also been associated with

Answer 6

Great pyrenees

Question 7

Radiolucent zones surrounded by radiopaque osseous trabeculae in the distal radius and ulna, similar to panosteitis has been document as an incidental finding in what dog breed?

Answer 7

New Foundlands

Question 8

Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy is a systemic illness which usually affects what age group of dogs?

Answer 8

Dogs between 2-7 months of age.

Question 9

HOD is most commonly associated with the distal ulna/radius and tibia. What other locations have been known to have evidence of this disease

Answer 9

Costochondral junctions, metacarpal and metatarsal bones, proximal humerus and cranimandibular region.

Question 10

What disease process should be a top differential for an animal with overall decreased bone opacity, thin cortical margins and can sometimes have evidence of folding fractures?

Answer 10

Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 11

In a patient with generalized epiphyseal dysplasia involving the long bones and vertebrae, small, granular epiphyses and flattened maxilla with small to absent frontal sinuses what are some differentials?

Answer 11

Mucopolysaccharidosis, Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 12

Chondrodysplasia has been described in what dog breeds?

Answer 12

Alaskan Malamutes, Norwegian Elkhounds and Labrador retrievers.

Question 13

Top differential for an expansile proliferative bone opacity originating from the costalchondral junction that does not appear to be causing clinical signs?

Answer 13

Multiple cartilaginous exostosis

Question 14

Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle appears to have a breed predilection for what canine breed?

Answer 14

Spaniels

Question 15

The medial and lateral centers of the humeral condyle should fuse by approximately how many days?

Answer 15

84 days.

Question 16

Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle has also been associated with what other component of elbow dysplasia?

Answer 16

Fragment medial coronoid process.

Question 17

The presence of a mineralized body medial to the medial humeral epicondyle of the humerus is known as what?

Answer 17

Ununited medial epicondyle of the humerus. Described in Labs, German Shepherds, and English Setters.