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RNSG 1251 UNIT 2 > ch. 15: maternal and fetal nutrition > Flashcards

ch. 15: maternal and fetal nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What is more common in women w/ POOR FOIC ACID INTAKE?

A

-neural tube defects NTD (e.g. spina bifida, anencephaly) resulting from failure in closure of neural tube

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2
Q

How much folic acid should women take daily?

A

-all adolescents and women capable of being preg should take 0.4 mg (400 mcg) of folic acid DAILY

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3
Q

What foods provide 500 mcg or more of FOLATE?

A

-LIVER: chicken, turkey, goose

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4
Q

What foods provide 200 mcg or more of FOLATE?

A

LIVER: lamb, beef, veal

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5
Q

What foods provide 100 mcg or more of FOLATE?

A

-legumes (cooked): peas, beans, lentils
-vegetables (asparagus, cooked spinach)
-1 medium papaya
-breakfast cereal
-wheat germ

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6
Q

What foods provide 50 mcg or more of FOLATE?

A

-vegetables (broccoli, beans, greens, raw spinach, collard greens)
-fruits (avacado, oranges)
-cooked pasta or rice

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7
Q

What is the DAILY recommended intake of CALCIUM for pregnant women?

A

1300/1000 mg

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8
Q

What are good sources of CALCIUM?

A

-milk, cheese, yogurt, sardines
-dark green leafy veg EXCEPT spinach or swiss chard
-calcium-set tofu
-baked beans
-tortillas

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9
Q

What are NONDAIRY sources of CALCIUM?

A

-fish: sardines, salmon
-beans and legumes
-greens: collard greens, kale, or turnip greens
-baked: cornbread, english muffin, french toast, waffles

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10
Q

Why is iron needed by the pregnant woman?

A

to allow transfer of adequate iron to fetus and permit expansion of RBC mass

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11
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED daily intake of IRON for pregnant women?

A

27 mg

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12
Q

What are food sources of iron?

A

-liver, meats
-whole grain or enriched breads and cereals
-dark green leafy veg
-legumes
-dried fruits

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13
Q

What INCREASES absorption of IRON?

A

-foods high in VITAMIN C (citrus fruits, tomatoes, melons, strawberries) and HEME IRON ( meats)

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14
Q

What foods DECREASE absorption of IRON?

A

-bran
-tea
-coffee
-milk
-oxalates (in spinach and swiss chard)
-egg yolk
!AVOID EATING THESE AT SAME TIME AS SUPPLEMENTS!

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15
Q

When is IRON BEST ABSORBED?

A

when taken on EMPTY STOMACH

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16
Q

Can iron supplements be taken at bedtime?

A

yes

17
Q

What effect does iron have on stools?

A

may cause stools to be black or dark green

18
Q

What is a common side effect of iron supplements?

A

-constipation
-RECOMMENDED: diet high in fiber and adequate fluid intake

19
Q

What BMI is considered LOW/UNDERWEIGHT?

A

<18

20
Q

What BMI is considered NORMAL?

A

18.5-24.9

21
Q

What BMI is considered OVERWEIGHT?

A

25-29.9

22
Q

What BMI is considered OBESE?

A

≥ 30

23
Q

What is the recommended TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN for UNDERWEIGHT (BMI <18) pregnant women?

A

28-40 lb

24
Q

What is the recommended TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN for NORMAL WEIGH (BMI 18.5-24.9) pregnant women?

A

25-35 lb

25
Q

What is the recommended TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN for OVERWEIGHT (BMI 25-29.9) pregnant women?

A

15-25 lb

26
Q

What is the recommended TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN for OBESE (BMI ≥ 30) pregnant women?

A

11-20 lb

27
Q

What is the recommended WEIGHT GAIN PER WEEK IN 2ND & 3RD TRIMESTER for UNDERWEIGHT (BMI <18) pregnant women?

A

1- 1.3 lb

28
Q

What is the recommended WEIGHT GAIN PER WEEK IN 2ND & 3RD TRIMESTER for NORMAL WEIGHT (BMI 18.5-24.9) pregnant women?

A

0.8- 1 lb

29
Q

What is the recommended WEIGHT GAIN PER WEEK IN 2ND & 3RD TRIMESTER for OVERWEIGHT (BMI 25-29.9) pregnant women?

A

0.5- 0.7 lb

30
Q

What is the recommended WEIGHT GAIN PER WEEK IN 2ND & 3RD TRIMESTER for OBESE (BMI ≥30) pregnant women?

A

0.4- 0.6 lb

31
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of GRAINS for pregnant women?

A

6 to 8 oz

32
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of VEGETABLES for pregnant women?

A

2 1/2 to 3 cups

33
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of FRUITS for pregnant women?

A

2 cups

34
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of DAIRY (milk, yogurt, cheese) for pregnant women?

A

3 cups

35
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of MEAT, POULTRY, FISH, DRY BEANS, EGGS, & NUTS for pregnant women?

A

5 1/2 to 6 1/2 oz

36
Q

What is the RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKE of OILS for pregnant women?

A

6 teaspoons

RNSG 1251 UNIT 2 (5 decks)

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