Ch 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, & 20 Flashcards
——- is the emergency care process that attempts to restore lost vital functions, focuses on managing the airway, oxygenation, ventilation, and circulation.
Resuscitation
—— is a critical condition that results in the inadequate perfusion of cells, tissue, and organs, leading to cellular and organ dysfunction, carries high morbidity and mortality if it is allowed to progress.
Shock
Shock is also referred to as:
Hypoperfusion
What are the three basic etiologies of shock?
- inadequate volume
-inadequate pump function - inadequate vessel tone
What is the formula for cardiac output?
Cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume
A decrease in —— causes a drop in the systolic blood pressure.
Cardiac output
A decrease in systolic blood pressure can result in ——
Inadequate tissue perfusion
The —- is related to the size of the vessel and the resistance created within it and is referred to as the systemic vascular resistance or peripheral vascular resistance.
Tone
What are the 4 major categories of shock?
- hypovolemic
- cardiogenic
-distributive - obstructive
The term —— means shock that is caused from a low blood volume
Hypovolemic shock
What is the most common cause of hypovolemic shock?
Hemorrhage
——- shock is associated with a decrease in intravascular volume caused by massive systemic vasodilation and an increase in capillary permeability.
Distributive
—— shock is caused by an ineffective pump function of the heart
Cardiogenic shock
When more than —% of the left ventricle tissue has been deadened from a myocardial infarction, the patient is prone to cardiogenic shock
40%
—— shock results from a condition that obstructs forward blood flow.
Obstructive shock
What are 3 causes of obstructive shock?
-pulmonary embolism
-tension pneumothorax
-pericardial tamponade
—— shock is described as a dysfunction in the ability of oxygen to diffuse into the blood, be carried by hemoglobin, offload at the cell, or be used effectively by the cell for metabolism.
Metabolic or respiratory shock
—— shock results from the loss of whole blood from the intravascular space.
Hemorrhagic shock
—— shock is caused by the shift of fluid out of the intravascular space; however, red blood cells and hemoglobin remain within the vessels
Nonhemorrhagic hypovolemic shock
—- shock is a specific form of nonhemorrhagic shock resulting from a burn injury.
Burn shock
The key emergency care in a burn patient is to establish and maintain:
-an adequate airway
-ventilation
-oxygenation
—- shock is a type of distributive shock usually treated with epinephrine
Anaphylactic shock
—- shock is another type of distributive shock, it results from sepsis, which is an exaggerated inflammatory response to an infection that causes the vessels throughout the body to dilate and become permeable
Septic shock
——, is the body’s exaggerated inflammatory response to an infection, typically fungal, viral, or bacterial, that overwhelms the body’s normal defense and regulatory systems causing a disruption in cell and organ function
Sepsis