Ch 14. Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Explain the relationship between DNA, genes, and genomes.

Answer 1

The genome is made of a chemical called DNA and is organised in chromosomes, which contain genes.

Question 2

Identify three similarities between DNA and RNA.

Answer 2

genetic information
nucleic acid (dna= deoxyribonucleic acid rna= ribonucleic acid)
nucleotides (adenine, guanine, cytosine)

Question 3

Identify three differences between DNA and RNA.

Answer 3

DNA:

• found in nucleus
• double-stranded
• A pairs with T and C pair with G

RNA:

• Found in the cytoplasm
• Sing stranded
• Mainly involved in protein synthesis

Question 4

Explain why mutations do not always affect which type of protein is made.

Answer 4

The RNA code for amino acids is redundant. 3 or 4 combinations for the same amino acids can occur.

Question 5

Use the codon chart and the mRNA sequence below, to determine the correct sequence of amino acids. Write out the complete name of the amino acids in the correct order. (8pts)

mRNA sequence: A - U - G - A - A - C - C - G - A - G - A - C

Answer 5

DO CODONS groups of 3’s and go from there