Ch. 14 Pain management

Question 1

Define Pain threshold

Answer 1

Persons perception of and behavioral responses to pain

Question 2

Define pain tolerance

Answer 2

level of pain a laboring woman is willing to endure

Question 3

How does the gate control theory work

Answer 3

Using distraction, breathing

Question 4

What is Lamaze

Answer 4

Lamaze is best known for its patterned breathing routine that teaches a woman to focus on certain breathing patterns and a concentration point (such as a mark on a nearby wall).

Question 5

What is the Bradley method (childbirth)

Answer 5

Husband coaches, Bradley method encourages concentrated awareness that works through the pain. There is much emphasis on the education and training of the woman’s labor and birth coach.

Question 6

What is the Dick-Read method

Answer 6

believed that by eliminating the fear, women could return the uterus to its normal function, thereby eliminating the pain.

Question 7

What is important to remember about administering opinions to pregnant women

Answer 7

Decreased maternal heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure. Which effects fetal oxygenation (take vitals)

Question 8

What is demerol

Answer 8

opioid agonist analgesic, meperidine hydrochloride

Question 9

What is sublimaze

Answer 9

Fentanyl citrate, opioid agonist analgesic (rapid)

Question 10

Define agonist

Answer 10

agent that activates or stimulates a receptor to act

Question 11

Define antagonist

Answer 11

Agent that blocks a receptor/ medication tio activate

Question 12

What are the commonly used opioid agonist antagonist in maternity

Answer 12

Stadol, Nubain

Question 13

What is Stadol

Answer 13

Opioid, butorphanol tartate analgesic

Question 14

What is Narcan used for

Answer 14

Opioid antagonist that promptly reverses the CNS depressant effects

Question 15

What needs to be assessed/done before spinal block is administered

Answer 15

Vital signs, 20-30min EFM, bolus IV 500-1000 LR

Question 16

Why is a bolus IV needed prior to spinal block

Answer 16

Decreased potential for hypotension caused by sympathetic blockade (vasodilation w/pooling of blood in lower extremities)

Question 17

How often should women be assessed after block

Answer 17

5-10min

Question 18

What are the signs of maternal hypotension

Answer 18

Fetal bradycardia, minimal/absent FHR,

Question 19

What interventions should be performed when maternal hypotension is suspected

Answer 19

Turn lateral, IV, O2 nonrebreather 10-12l, elevate legs, notify dr, give vasopressor

Question 20

Do opioids cross the placenta

Answer 20

Yes. Effects on the fetus and newborn can be profound; absent/minimal FHR, respiratory depression.

Question 21

Define systemic analgesics

Answer 21

Opioids

Question 22

Which drug is the appropriate analgesic for women who have a opioid-dependency

Answer 22

Sublimaze.

Stadol- causes withdrawal symptoms in opioid dependent women