Ch 14: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Flashcards
dissocation
the separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves
net ionic equation
includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution
spectator ions
ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution both before and after the reaction
ionization
ions that are formed from solute molecules by the action of the solvent in a process called ionization
hydronium ion
H3O+
strong electrolyte
any compound of which all of almost all of the dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous solution is a strong electrolyte
weak electrolyte
a compound of which a relatively small amount of the dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous oslution
colligative properties
properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their ientity
nonvolatile substance
one that has little tendency to become a gas under existing conditions
molal freezing-point constant (Kf)
the freezing point depress ion of the solvent in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, non electrolyte oslute
freezing-point depression
the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and a solution of a non electrolyte in that solvent, and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution
freezing-point depression (tf)
the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and a solution of a non electrolyte in that solvent, and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution
molal boiling-point constant (Kb)
the boiling point elevation of the solvent in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute
boiling-point elevation (tb)
the difference between the boiling points of the pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte solution of that solvent and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution
semipermeable members
allow the movement of some particles while blocking the movement of others