Ch 14: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Flashcards

1
Q

dissocation

A

the separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves

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2
Q

net ionic equation

A

includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution

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3
Q

spectator ions

A

ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution both before and after the reaction

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4
Q

ionization

A

ions that are formed from solute molecules by the action of the solvent in a process called ionization

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5
Q

hydronium ion

A

H3O+

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6
Q

strong electrolyte

A

any compound of which all of almost all of the dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous solution is a strong electrolyte

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7
Q

weak electrolyte

A

a compound of which a relatively small amount of the dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous oslution

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8
Q

colligative properties

A

properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their ientity

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9
Q

nonvolatile substance

A

one that has little tendency to become a gas under existing conditions

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10
Q

molal freezing-point constant (Kf)

A

the freezing point depress ion of the solvent in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, non electrolyte oslute

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11
Q

freezing-point depression

A

the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and a solution of a non electrolyte in that solvent, and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

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12
Q

freezing-point depression (tf)

A

the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and a solution of a non electrolyte in that solvent, and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

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13
Q

molal boiling-point constant (Kb)

A

the boiling point elevation of the solvent in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute

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14
Q

boiling-point elevation (tb)

A

the difference between the boiling points of the pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte solution of that solvent and it is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

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15
Q

semipermeable members

A

allow the movement of some particles while blocking the movement of others

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16
Q

`osmosis

A

the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from the side of lower solute concentration to the side of higher solute concetration

17
Q

osmotic pressure

A

the external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis