Ch. 14 Hagen Test Flashcards
A baseline renal transplant sonographic examination is performed within \_\_\_\_\_ hours after surgery. Select one: a. 4 to 8 b. 12 to 18 c. 24 to 36 d. 48 to 72
d. 48 to 72
A benign vascular fatty tumor of the kidney is called: Select one: a. Angiomyolipoma b. Hypernephroma c. Neuroblastoma d. Lymphoma
a. Angiomyolipoma
A central cystic region that extends beyond the medial renal border is called: Select one: a. Hydronephrosis b. Parapelvic cyst c. Peripelvic cyst d. Extrarenal pelvis
d. Extrarenal pelvis
A common finding in people over 50 years of age is: Select one: a. Renal calculi b. Renal cysts c. Multicystic disease d. Hypernephroma
b. Renal cysts
A congenital obstruction found in utero and in infants is called a(n):
Select one:
a. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction
b. Ureterocele
c. Bladder diverticulum
d. Posterior urethral valves
a. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction
A cortical bulge in the lateral border of the kidney is called a(n): Select one: a. Junctional parenchymal defect b. Dromedary hump c. Extrarenal pelvis d. Column of Bertin
b. Dromedary hump
A cystlike enlargement of the distal end of the ureter is called: Select one: a. Ureterocele b. Diverticulum c. Urachal cyst d. Cystitis
a. Ureterocele
A dilated renal pelvis without ureteral dilation is observed in patients with: Select one: a. Hydronephrosis b. Posterior urethral valve obstruction c. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction d. Ureterocele
c. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
A posttransplant perinephric fluid collection can exhibit all of the following except a: Select one: a. Ureterocele b. Hematoma c. Urinoma d. Lymphocele
a. Ureterocele
A potential space located between the liver edge and right kidney is: Select one: a. Morison's pouch b. Douglas' pouch c. Cul-de-sac d. Winhauer space
a. Morison’s pouch
A renal sonogram is performed. The finding of hypoechoic areas adjacent to the renal sinus is most consistent with: Select one: a. Bifid renal pelvis b. Renal pyramid c. Column of Bertin d. Junctional parenchymal defect
b. Renal pyramid
A triangular-shaped lesion on the peripheral border of the kidney most likely represents a(n): Select one: a. Renal tumor b. Artifact from rib c. IVC compression d. Junctional parenchymal defect
d. Junctional parenchymal defect
All of the following statements about the kidneys are true except:
Select one:
a. The kidneys are intraperitoneal in location.
b. The average adult kidneys measure approximately 9 to 12 cm in length.
c. The kidneys may move with respiration.
d. The anteroposterior thickness of the normal adult kidneys is approximately 4 to 5 cm.
a. The kidneys are intraperitoneal in location.
An extremely large echogenic renal sinus that appears to engulf the entire renal parenchymal outline suggests: Select one: a. Hydronephrosis b. Lipomatosis c. Hypernephroma d. Nephrocalcinosis
b. Lipomatosis
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may be characterized by all of the following statements except:
Select one:
a. The disease is latent until the fourth or fifth decade of life.
b. The severity of the disease varies, depending on the genotype.
c. The disease may be associated with cysts in the liver, pancreas, and spleen.
d. The involved kidneys are small and extremely echogenic.
d. The involved kidneys are small and extremely echogenic.
Dilation of the renal pelvis due to nonobstruction may be caused by all of the following except:
Select one:
a. Oliguria
b. Reflux
c. Pregnancy
d. Distended urinary bladder
a. Oliguria
Dilation of the renal pelvis with a thinning of the renal cortex is characteristic of which one of the following? Select one: a. Duplex collection system b. Column of Bertin c. Hydronephrosis d. Extrarenal pelvis
c. Hydronephrosis
Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a: Select one: a. Cross-renal ectopia b. Pelvic kidney c. Supernumerary kidney d. Horseshoe kidney
d. Horseshoe kidney
Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographically by which one of the following patterns?
Select one:
a. Distorted shape of the kidney outline
b. Multiple cystic masses throughout the renal parenchyma
c. Fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system
d. Hyperechoic pelvocaliceal collecting system
c. Fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system
In cases of nephrocalcinosis, calcium deposits are usually located in the:
Select one:
a. Cortex
b. Renal sinus
c. Medulla
d. Renal hilum
c. Medulla
In the adult, a postvoid residual of less than \_\_\_\_\_ cc of urine is considered normal. Select one: a. 35 b. 50 c. 20 d. 25
c. 20
Outside the renal capsule is the: Select one: a. Perinephric fat b. Paranephric space c. Renal fascia d. Renal medulla
a. Perinephric fat
Parapelvic cysts are located in the: Select one: a. Renal hilum b. Renal cortex c. Lower pole d. Pararenal space
a. Renal hilum
Pyonephrosis refers to the presence of: Select one: a. Blood in a dilated collecting system b. Pus in a dilated collected system c. Urine in a dilated collecting system d. A perinephric abscess
b. Pus in a dilated collected system
Renal cell carcinoma commonly invades the IVC via the: Select one: a. Renal vein b. Renal artery c. Portal vein d. Splenic vein
a. Renal vein
Renal sonography is not helpful in evaluating: Select one: a. Obstructive uropathy b. Cyst formation c. Renal function d. Angiomyolipoma
c. Renal function
Renal vein thrombosis may be visualized in patients with: Select one: a. Pyelonephritis b. Renal calculi c. Renal cell carcinoma d. Angiomyolipoma
c. Renal cell carcinoma
The kidneys are located in the: Select one: a. Peritoneal cavity b. Retroperitoneal cavity c. Perirenal cavity d. Perirenal space
b. Retroperitoneal cavity
The left kidney is in contact with the: Select one: a. Spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder b. Spleen, gallbladder, and duodenum c. Pancreas, colon, and porta hepatis d. Spleen, pancreas, colon, and jejunum
d. Spleen, pancreas, colon, and jejunum
The left renal vein courses: Select one: a. Posterior to the IVC b. Anterior to the IVC c. Anterior to the aorta d. Anterior to the superior mesenteric artery
c. Anterior to the aorta
The most common location of renal ectopia is in the: Select one: a. Pelvis b. Intrathoracic c. Epigastric region d. Retroperitoneum
a. Pelvis
The most common solid renal mass found in childhood is: Select one: a. Renal cell carcinoma b. Angiomyolipoma c. Wilms tumor d. Von Hippel-Lindau tumor
c. Wilms tumor
The most echogenic portion of the kidney is(are) the: Select one: a. Cortex b. Sinus c. Medullary pyramids d. Parenchyma
b. Sinus
The normal bladder wall should be smooth and thin and measure \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ millimeters (mm). Select one: a. 2 to 4 b. 3 to 6 c. 5 to 7 d. 5 to 10
b. 3 to 6
The process of disposing metabolic wastes is called: Select one: a. Urea b. Excretion c. Deamination d. Urination
b. Excretion
The right kidney is in contact with the: Select one: a. Spleen, colon, and adrenal gland b. Liver, colon, and adrenal gland c. Liver, pancreas, and gallbladder d. Liver, gallbladder, and splenic flexure
b. Liver, colon, and adrenal gland
The sonographic appearance of tuberous sclerosis may be difficult to differentiate from: Select one: a. Medullary sponge kidney b. Nephrocalcinosis c. Hydronephrosis d. Adult polycystic kidney disease
d. Adult polycystic kidney disease
The vessel seen posterior to the IVC on the sagittal scan represents the: Select one: a. Right adrenal artery b. Right renal artery c. Left renal artery d. Left renal vein
b. Right renal artery
Ureteral jets are not visualized in patients with: Select one: a. Renal cell carcinoma b. Obstruction c. Duplex collecting system d. Acute focal bacterial nephritis
b. Obstruction
Renal Artery Stenosis (RAS) is the most common correctable cause of _____________.
Select one:
a. Hypertension
b. Oliguria
c. Hematuria
d. Hypotension
a. Hypertension
Which one of the following describes a bladder diverticulum?
Select one:
a. Cystic enlargement of the bladder orifice
b. Echogenic mass of the bladder wall
c. Herniation of the bladder wall
d. Focal thickening of the bladder wall
c. Herniation of the bladder wall
Which one of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of Emphysematous pyelonephritis?
Select one:
a. Echogenic kidneys
b. Hypoechoic enlarged kidneys
c. Small kidneys
d. Isoechoic kidneys
b. Hypoechoic enlarged kidneys
Which one of the following disorders does not produce a complex sonographic pattern? Select one: a. Infected cyst b. Hemorrhagic cyst c. Hematomas d. Congenital simple cyst
d. Congenital simple cyst
Which one of the following is present in urine whenever extensive damage or destruction of the functioning erythrocytes occurs? Select one: a. Protein b. Creatinine c. Hemoglobin d. Albumin
c. Hemoglobin
Which one of the following statements about the kidneys is false?
Select one:
a. The kidneys are rigidly fixed on the abdominal wall.
b. The kidneys consist of an internal medullary and external cortical substance.
c. The kidneys rest on the psoas and quadratus lumborum muscles.
d. Renal pyramids are found within the medullary region.
a. The kidneys are rigidly fixed on the abdominal wall.
