Ch. 12 Hagen Test

Question 1

A common course of enzyme destruction via the pancreas is the accumulation in the:
Select one:
a. Greater omentum
b. Lesser omentum
c. Lesser sac 
d. Greater sac

Answer 1

c. Lesser sac

Question 2

A condition that causes increased secretion of abnormal mucus by the endocrine glands is:
Select one:
a. Cystic fibrosis 
b. Fibrocystic disease of the pancreas
c. Diabetes
d. Cystic mucosal disease

Answer 2

a. Cystic fibrosis

Question 3

A most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the United States is:
Select one:
a. Colitis
b. Alcohol intake
c. Biliary tract disease 
d. Pancreatic malignancy

Answer 3

c. Biliary tract disease

Question 4

A patient with painless jaundice, weight loss, and a decrease in appetite should be evaluated for:
Select one:
a. Cholecystitis
b. Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas 
c. Pancreatitis
d. Pancreatic pseudocyst

Answer 4

b. Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

Question 5

A serum \_\_\_\_\_ level of twice normal usually indicates acute pancreatitis.
Select one:
a. lipase
b. amylase 
c. alkaline phosphatase
d. aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

Answer 5

b. amylase

Question 6

An older man with a history of alcoholism is recently diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. His hematocrit and hypotension levels are decreased. Your differential diagnosis includes:
Select one:
a. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis 
b. Cholecystitis
c. Pseudocyst
d. Chronic pancreatitis

Answer 6

a. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis

Question 7

Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following except:
Select one:
a. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the back
b. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder
c. Elevated amylase
d. Nausea and vomiting

Answer 7

b. Severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder

Question 8

Gallstones are present in 40% to 60% of patients with:
Select one:
a. Chronic pancreatitis
b. Annular pancreas
c. Cystic fibrosis
d. Acute pancreatitis

Answer 8

d. Acute pancreatitis

Question 9

If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographer should move the transducer in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ direction to image the pancreas?
Select one:
a. Superior
b. Anterior
c. Inferior 
d. Posterior

Answer 9

c. Inferior

Question 10

In cases of acute pancreatitis, the parenchyma of the pancreas generally appears:
Select one:
a. Homogeneous
b. Echogenic
c. Calcified
d. Hypoechoic

Answer 10

d. Hypoechoic

Question 11

The duct of Santorini is a(n):
Select one:
a. Small accessory duct to the gallbladder
b. Accessory duct to the cystic duct
c. Accessory duct to the pancreas 
d. Small opening in the duodenum

Answer 11

c. Accessory duct to the pancreas

Question 12

The head of the pancreas is inferior to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the liver:
Select one:
a. Right lobe
b. Caudate lobe 
c. Right lateral fissure
d. Left lateral fissure

Answer 12

b. Caudate lobe

Question 13

The head of the pancreas lies:
Select one:
a. Anterior to the liver
b. Posterior to the aorta
c. Medial to the duodenum 
d. Lateral to the inferior vena cava

Answer 13

c. Medial to the duodenum

Question 14

The main pancreatic duct joins the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ before entering the second part of the duodenum.
Select one:
a. Common bile duct 
b. Duct of Santolina
c. Cystic duct
d. Accessory duct

Answer 14

a. Common bile duct

Question 15

The majority of the pancreas lies within which abdominal cavity?
Select one:
a. Perineum
b. Intraperitoneum
c. Retroperitoneum 
d. Pericardium

Answer 15

c. Retroperitoneum

Question 16

The microscopic collection of cells within the tissues of the pancreas is called?
Select one:
a. Glucagon cells
b. Islets of Langerhans 
c. Insulin
d. Amylase cells

Answer 16

b. Islets of Langerhans

Question 17

The normal dimension of the pancreatic head is usually less than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. 2 cm
b. 3 cm
c. 2.4 cm 
d. 1 cm

Answer 17

b. 3 cm

Question 18

The normal size of the pancreatic duct is less than \_\_\_\_\_ mm.
Select one:
a. 1
b. 3 
c. 5
d. 6

Answer 18

b. 3

Question 19

The pancreas is found behind the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ omental sac.
Select one:
a. Greater
b. Inferior
c. Superior
d. Lesser

Answer 19

d. Lesser

Question 20

The pancreas is reflective in its sonographic appearance because of the multiple:
Select one:
a. Islets of Langerhans
b. Cooper ligaments
c. Small glands or acini
d. Fat between the lobules

Answer 20

d. Fat between the lobules

Question 21

The persistence of the dorsal and ventral pancreas with the head encircling the duodenum is called:
Select one:
a. Hypoplasia
b. Cystic fibrosis
c. Agenesis
d. Annular pancreas

Answer 21

d. Annular pancreas

Question 22

The primary pancreatic duct is the duct of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
a. Santorini
b. Ampulla
c. Vater
d. Wirsung

Answer 22

d. Wirsung

Question 23

The splenic artery is considered to be along the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ border of the pancreas.
Select one:
a. Superior 
b. Lateral
c. Anterior
d. Inferior posterior

Answer 23

a. Superior

Question 24

The splenic vein courses along the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the pancreas.
Select one:
a. Anterior border
b. Along the superior border
c. Posteromedial border 
d. Inferior posterior border

Answer 24

c. Posteromedial border

Question 25

The tail of the pancreas is located: Select one: a. Posterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum b. Anterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum c. Posterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum d. Anterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum

Answer 25

b. Anterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum

Question 26

``` The ___________ passes through a groove posterior to the pancreatic head. Select one: a. Common bile duct b. Gastroduodenal artery c. Hepatic duct d. Superior mesenteric vein ```

Answer 26

a. Common bile duct

Question 27

``` What vessel runs posterior to the lower neck of the pancreas and anterior to the uncinate process? Select one: a. Splenic vein b. Superior mesenteric vein c. Gastroduodenal artery d. Hepatic artery ```

Answer 27

b. Superior mesenteric vein

Question 28

Which one of the following statements is false? Select one: a. The head of the pancreas is anterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC). b. The head of the pancreas is superior to the caudate lobe. c. The uncinate process is posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels. d. The gastroduodenal artery is the anterolateral border of the head.

Answer 28

b. The head of the pancreas is superior to the caudate lobe.

Question 29

``` Which one of the following structures is located in the anterolateral border of the pancreas? Select one: a. Common bile duct b. Gastroduodenal artery c. Hepatic duct d. Superior mesenteric vein ```

Answer 29

b. Gastroduodenal artery

Question 30

``` Which one of the following veins courses in a sagittal plane and passes posterior to the neck of the pancreas? Select one: a. Splenic b. Superior mesenteric c. Inferior mesenteric d. Main portal ```

Answer 30

b. Superior mesenteric