ch 14: Altruism and cooperation & situational model of helping

Question 1

altruism

Answer 1

behaviour that benefits other without caring about the consequences

Question 2

what factors predict helping in emergencies

Answer 2

1. noticing the event
2. interpreting the event as an emergency
3. assuming responsibility
4. knowing how to help
5. deciding to act

Question 3

what study explains: Noticing The Event?

Answer 3

Good Samaritan study - Darley & Batson
- people are less inclined to help if they are in a hurry and they might not notice someone who is in need of help

Question 4

what study explains: Interpreting The Event As An Emergency?

Answer 4

Smoke Filled Room - Latane & Darley
- we use other peoples behaviour as information on whether to act on a situation or not. This is a form of pluralistic ignorance

Question 5

pluralistic ignorance

Answer 5

bystanders use behaviour of others to determine how to act but others are just as ignorant sometimes.

Question 6

what study explains: Assuming Responsibility?

Answer 6

Seizure study - Darley & Latane
- when people are in a group, they assume others will take responsibility in the situation rather than when they’re alone. This is an example of the Bystander Effect & Diffusion of responsibility

Question 7

which factor was missing in Kitty Genovese Case?

Answer 7

assuming responsibility = no one wanted to get involved

Question 8

Bystander effect

Answer 8

more witnesses to an emergency = the less likely it is that any one will help

Question 9

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 9

where individuals in a group are less likely to take responsibility for their actions, because they believe that others in the group will take action or assume responsibility.

Question 10

what study explains: Deciding to Act?

Answer 10

How Many People Help A Woman Who Drops____.

Question 11

norm of reciprocity

Answer 11

i scratch your back, you scratch mine

Question 12

what is the bottom line of the social exchange theory (syd)

Answer 12

People only help when benefits outweigh costs = altruism does not exist

Question 13

Empathy

Answer 13

ability to experience emotions the way that another person experiences them

Question 14

Empathy- altruism hypothesis

Answer 14

when experiencing empathy, people will help for altruistic reasons, regardless of what they have to gain

Question 15

when does the social exchange theory come into play?

Answer 15

when someone has no empathy, they weigh the pros and cons and sees how it can benefit them

Question 16

why does being in a good mood make you want to help someone?

Answer 16

you want to prolong your good mood by doing good things

Question 17

negative state relief hypothesis (what i do everyday of my life)

Answer 17

Help others to relieve negative feelings and feel better about themselves.